Dr Cynthia Bottema

Associate Professor

School of Animal and Veterinary Science

Faculty of Sciences

Eligible to supervise Masters and PhD - email supervisor to discuss availability.

Dr Cynthia Bottema is an Associate Professor at the University of Adelaide in the School of Animal & Veterinary Sciences. Her expertise is in molecular genetics, DNA testing, biotechnology, and lipid biochemistry, particularly as applied to animal science and livestock production. Cindy received her PhD in Microbial Physiology at Oregon State University. Upon completion of a post-doctoral fellowship at Stanford University, Cindy was appointed as a human molecular genetics research associate at the Mayo Clinic. In 1992, Cindy took a position at the University of Adelaide as the JS Davies Professorial Research Fellow in cattle molecular genetics and in 2000, became a tenured academic at the University of Adelaide. Since 2000, Cindy has had several educational roles in the University including acting as the Animal Science Honours Coordinator, Animal Science, Program Coordinator, the School Associate Head of Staff, the Head of the Animal & Veterinary Biosciences Department and a member of the School Executive Committee.

Cindy’s teaching interests include genetics, molecular genetics, biotechnology, biochemistry, and microbiology. Her research interests are in livestock molecular genetics and include the genome organization of Bovidae, genome mapping in Bovidae and genetics of lipid metabolism in cattle. Cindy served on the Executive Committee of the International Society of Animal Genetics for many years.

My Research
Career
Publications
Supervision
Contact

PREVIOUS RESEARCH INTERESTS

Sterol metabolism in yeast. Projects included:

Characterisation of the enzyme 14D-sterol reductase in the ergosterol biosynthetic pathway of fungi.
Quantitation and analysis of sterols in yeast mitochondria and plasma membranes.
Thermotropic and enzymatic studies on yeast membranes with altered sterol compositions.

Steroid binding in yeast. Projects included:

Characterisation and purification of an estrogen binding protein in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Isolation and characterisation of ligands of the yeast estrogen binding protein.
Comparative studies of mammalian estrogen receptors from tissue culture and rats.

Molecular genetics of human disease. Projects included:

Delineation and characterisation of mutations in the factor IX gene of haemophilia B patients.
Analysis of the pattern of germline mutations, mutation rates and evolutionary conservation in humans by population-based molecular genetic studies.
Development of PCR and sequencing techniques for DNA and RNA diagnostics, RFLP analysis and direct carrier testing.

Genome organisation of Bovidae. Projects included:

Isolation and characterisation of centromeric and interspersed repetitive DNA sequences from cattle and sheep.
Characterisation of Robertsonian translocations in cattle by in situ hybridisation using centromeric probes.
Development of comparative physical gene maps for cattle, sheep, goat and deer by fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) using ovine bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clones.
Development of low cost methodologies for parentage testing in cattle and sheep.

CURRENT RESEARCH INTERESTS

Genome mapping in Bovidae. Projects include:

Mapping quantitative trait loci (QTL) in cattle for meat quality, particularly fat and muscle metabolic traits.
Isolation and characterisation of genes involved in ruminant lipid metabolism and deposition.
Isolation and characterisation of genes involved in cattle net feed efficiency.
Development of molecular marker techniques for livestock applications.

Genetics of lipid metabolism in cattle. Projects include:

Analysis of the fatty acid composition in the phospholipids and triacylglycerols of muscle and adipose tissues in different cattle breeds.
Delineation of carotenoid uptake and deposition in bovine adipose tissue.
Elucidation of genetics controlling intramuscular fat variation in cattle breeds.
Determination of effects of vitamin A on adipogenesis in Bovidae.

Expand

Appointments

Date Position Institution name
1992 Associate Professor University of Adelaide
Education

Date Institution name Country Title
— University of Colorado USA BA (major: Molecular, Cellular & Developmental Biology)
— Oregon State University USA PhD
Research Interests

Animal Breeding Animal Cell and Molecular Biology Biochemistry & Molecular Biology Biotechnology Genetics Genome Structure and Regulation Genomics

Date	Position	Institution name
1992	Associate Professor	University of Adelaide

Date	Institution name	Country	Title
—	University of Colorado	USA	BA (major: Molecular, Cellular & Developmental Biology)
—	Oregon State University	USA	PhD

Expand

Journals

Year	Citation
2018	Kruk, Z., Bottema, M., Reyes-Veliz, L., Forder, R., Pitchford, W., & Bottema, C. (2018). Vitamin A and marbling attributes: intramuscular fat hyperplasia effects in cattle. Meat Science, 137, 139-146. DOI Scopus2 WoS2 Europe PMC1
2018	Herd, R., Arthur, P., Bottema, C., Egarr, A., Geesink, G., Lines, D., . . . Pitchford, W. (2018). Genetic divergence in residual feed intake affects growth, feed efficiency, carcass and meat quality characteristics of Angus steers in a large commercial feedlot. Animal Production Science, 58(1), 164-174. DOI Scopus4 WoS4
2018	Lines, D., Pitchford, W., Bottema, C., Herd, R., & Oddy, V. (2018). Selection for residual feed intake affects appetite and body composition rather than energetic efficiency. Animal Production Science, 58(1), 175-184. DOI Scopus11 WoS10
2015	FAANG Consortium., Andersson, L., Archibald, A., Bottema, C., Brauning, R., Burgess, S., . . . Zhou, H. (2015). Coordinated international action to accelerate genome-to-phenome with FAANG, the Functional Annotation of Animal Genomes project. Genome Biology, 16(1), 57-1-57-6. DOI Scopus81 WoS81 Europe PMC69
2015	Rosenblatt, A., Hill, P., Davies, S., Webster, N., Lappalainen, A., Bottema, C., & Caraguel, C. (2015). Precision of spinal radiographs as a screening test for intervertebral disc calcification in Dachshunds. Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 122(1-2), 164-173. DOI Scopus2 WoS2 Europe PMC1
2014	Rosenblatt, A., Bottema, C., & Hill, P. (2014). Radiographic scoring for intervertebral disc calcification in the Dachshund. The Veterinary Journal, 200(3), 355-361. DOI Scopus3 WoS3 Europe PMC2
2014	Chang, L., Pitchford, W., & Bottema, C. (2014). Modeling tenderness for genetic and quantitative trait loci analyses. Journal of Animal Science, 92(1), 39-47. DOI
2013	Morris, C., Bottema, C., Cullen, N., Hickey, S., Knowles, S., & Pitchford, W. (2013). Effects of quantitative trait loci and the myostatin locus on trace and macro elements (minerals) in bovine liver, muscle and kidney. Animal Genetics, 44(4), 361-368. DOI Scopus5 WoS5 Europe PMC5
2012	Tian, R., Cullen, N., Morris, C., Fisher, P., Pitchford, W., & Bottema, C. (2012). Major effect of retinal short-chain dehydrogenase reductase (RDHE2) on bovine fat colour. Mammalian Genome, 23(5-6), 378-386. DOI Scopus5 WoS4 Europe PMC3
2011	Esmailizadeh Koshkoih, A., Morris, C., Cullen, N., Kruk, Z., Lines, D., Hickey, S., . . . Pitchford, W. (2011). Genetic mapping of quantitative trait loci for meat quality and muscle metabolic traits in cattle. Animal Genetics, 42(6), 592-599. DOI Scopus9 WoS8 Europe PMC6
2011	Abdolmohammadi, A., Atashi, H., Zamani, P., & Bottema, C. (2011). High resolution melting as an alternative method to genotype diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1) K232A polymorphism in cattle. Czech Journal of Animal Science, 56(8), 370-376. DOI Scopus8 WoS7
2010	Morris, C., Bottema, C., Cullen, N., Hickey, S., Esmailizadeh, A., Siebert, B., & Pitchford, W. (2010). Quantitative trait loci for organ weights and adipose fat composition in Jersey and Limousin back-cross cattle finished on pasture or feedlot. Animal Genetics, 41(6), 589-596. DOI Scopus19 WoS20 Europe PMC17
2010	Pisani, D., Bottema, C., Butori, C., Dani, C., & Dechesne, C. (2010). Mouse model of skeletal muscle adiposity: A glycerol treatment approach. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 396(3), 767-773. DOI Scopus24 WoS23 Europe PMC14
2010	Tian, R., Pitchford, W., Morris, C., Cullen, N., & Bottema, C. (2010). Genetic variation in the β, β-carotene-9′, 10′-dioxygenase gene and association with fat colour in bovine adipose tissue and milk. Animal Genetics, 41(3), 253-259. DOI Scopus31 WoS30 Europe PMC23
2009	Lines, D., Pitchford, W., Kruk, Z., & Bottema, C. (2009). Limousin myostatin F94L variant affects semitendinosus tenderness. Meat Science, 81(1), 126-131. DOI Scopus9 WoS8 Europe PMC1
2009	Morris, C., Pitchford, W., Cullen, N., Esmailizadeh Koshkoih, A., Hickey, S., Hyndman, D., . . . Bottema, C. (2009). Quantitative trait loci for live animal and carcass composition traits in Jersey and Limousin back-cross cattle finished on pasture or feedlot. Animal Genetics, 40(5), 648-654. DOI Scopus18 WoS20 Europe PMC13
2008	Kurk, Z., Bottema, C., Davis, J., Siebert, B., Harper, G., Di, J., & Pitchford, W. (2008). Effects of vitamin A on growth performance and carcass quality in steers. Livestock Science, 119(1-3), 12-21. DOI Scopus17 WoS13
2008	Esmailizadeh, A., Bottema, C., Sellick, G., Verbyla, A., Morris, C., Cullen, N., & Pitchford, W. (2008). Effects of the myostatin F94L substitution on beef traits. Journal of Animal Science, 86(5), 1038-1046. DOI Scopus47 WoS48 Europe PMC29
2007	Sellick, G., Pitchford, W., Morris, C., Cullen, N., Crawford, A., Raadsma, H., & Bottema, C. (2007). Effect of myostatin F94L on carcass yield in cattle. Animal Genetics, 38(5), 440-446. DOI Scopus35 WoS38 Europe PMC21
2007	Morris, C., Cullen, N., Glass, B., Hyndman, D., Manley, T., Hickey, S., . . . Lee, M. (2007). Fatty acid synthase effects on bovine adipose fat and milk fat. Mammalian Genome, 18(1), 64-74. DOI Scopus94 WoS94 Europe PMC56
2006	Reverter, A., Hudson, N., Wang, Y., Tan, S., Barris, W., Byrne, K., . . . Dalrymple, B. (2006). A gene coexpression network for bovine skeletal muscle inferred from microarray data. Physiological Genomics, 28(1), 76-83. DOI Scopus25 WoS24 Europe PMC19
2006	Morris, C., Cullen, N., Hickey, S., Dobbie, P., Veenvliet, B., Manley, T., . . . Wilson, T. (2006). Genotypic effects of calpain 1 and calpastatin on the tenderness of cooked M. longissimus dorsi steaks from Jersey x Limousin, Angus and Hereford-cross cattle. Animal Genetics, 37(4), 411-414. DOI Scopus53 WoS53 Europe PMC25
2006	Siebert, B., Kruk, Z., Davis, J., Pitchford, W., Harper, G., & Bottema, C. (2006). Effect of low vitamin a status on fat deposition and fatty acid desaturation in beef cattle. Lipids, 41(4), 365-370. DOI Scopus28 WoS27 Europe PMC12
2006	Beever, J., Smit, M., Meyers, S., Hadfield, T., Bottema, C., Albretsen, J., & Cockett, N. (2006). A single-base change in the tyrosine kinase II domain of ovine FGFR3 causes hereditary chondrodysplasia in sheep. Animal Genetics, 37(1), 66-71. DOI Scopus43 WoS37 Europe PMC30
2005	Kruk, Z., & Bottema, C. (2005). The guts of the matter: dietary regulation of intestinal gene expression. Recent Advances in Animal Nutrition in Australia, 15, 87-93.
2005	Yu, S., Kim, J., Chung, H., Jung, K., Lee, Y., Yoon, D., . . . Lee, J. (2005). Molecular cloning and characterization of bovine PRKAG3 gene: structure, expression and single nucleotide polymorphism detection. Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics-zeitschrift fur Tierzuchtung und Zuchtungsbiologie, 122(5), 294-301. DOI Scopus12 WoS10 Europe PMC1
2004	Kuchel, H., Siebert, B., Bottema, C., Webb, G., Crawford, A., Duncan, S., . . . Pitchford, W. (2004). Physical mapping of the stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) locus in sheep. Animal Genetics, 35(2), 163. DOI Scopus5 WoS4 Europe PMC2
2004	Hebart, M., Pitchford, W., Arthur, P., Archer, J., Herd, R., & Bottema, C. (2004). Effect of missing data on the estimate of average daily feed intake in beef cattle. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture, 44(4-5), 415-421. DOI Scopus8 WoS7
2003	Siebert, B., Pitchford, W., Kruk, Z., Kuchel, H., Deland, M., & Bottema, C. (2003). Differences in Δ⁹ desaturase activity between Jersey- and Limousin-sired cattle. Lipids, 38(5), 539-543. DOI Scopus33 WoS33 Europe PMC21
2003	Pal, S., Thomson, A., Bottema, C., & Roach, P. (2003). α-Tocopherol modulates the low density lipoprotein receptor of human HepG2 cells-Tocopherol modulates the low density lipoprotein receptor of human HepG2 cells. Nutrition Journal, 2(1), 3-13. DOI Scopus16 WoS18 Europe PMC9
2002	Afolayan, R., Deland, M., Rutley, D., Bottema, C., Ewers, A., Ponzoni, R., & Pitchford, W. (2002). Prediction of carcass meat, fat and bone yield across diverse cattle genotypes using live-animal measurements. Animal Production, 24, 13-16.
2002	Kurar, E., Barendse, W., Bottema, C., Davis, S., Foster, M., Kalm, E., . . . Kirkpatrick, B. (2002). Concensus and comprehensive linkage maps of bovine chromosome 24. Animal Genetics, 33(6), 460-463. DOI Scopus5 WoS4 Europe PMC3
2002	Afolayan, R., Pitchford, W., Weatherly, A., & Bottema, C. (2002). Genetic variation in growth and body dimensions of Jersey and Limousin cross cattle. 2. Post-weaning dry and wet season performance. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences, 15(10), 1378-1385. DOI Scopus5 WoS3
2002	Afolayan, R., Pitchford, W., Weatherly, A., & Bottema, C. (2002). Genetic variation in growth and body dimensions of Jersey and Limousin cross cattle. 1. Pre-weaning performance. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences, 15(10), 1371-1377. DOI Scopus6 WoS4
2002	Pitchford, W., Deland, M., Siebert, B., Malau-Aduli, A., & Bottema, C. (2002). Genetic variation in fatness and fatty acid composition of crossbred cattle. Journal of Animal Science, 80(11), 2825-2832. DOI Scopus94 WoS89 Europe PMC58
2002	Kruk, Z., Pitchford, W., Siebert, B., Deland, M., & Bottema, C. (2002). Factors affecting estimation of marbling in cattle and the relationship between marbling scores and intramuscular fat. Animal Production, 24, 129-132.
2002	Pal, S., Thomson, A., Bottema, C., & Roach, P. (2002). Polyunsaturated fatty acids downregulate the low density lipoprotein receptor of human HepG2 cells. Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry, 13(1), 55-63. DOI Scopus14 WoS13 Europe PMC12
2001	Wheeler, D., Hope, R., Cooper, S., Dolman, G., Webb, G., Bottema, C., . . . Holland, R. (2001). An orphaned mammalian b-globin gene of ancient evolutionary origin. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 98(3), 1101-1106. DOI Scopus41 WoS41 Europe PMC28
2001	Bursill, C., Roach, P., Bottema, C., & Pal, S. (2001). Green tea upregulates the low-density lipoprotein receptor through the sterol-regulated element binding protein in HepG2 liver cells. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 49(11), 5639-5645. DOI Scopus46 WoS37 Europe PMC18
2001	Bouillet, P., Zhang, L., Huang, D., Webb, G., Bottema, C., Shore, P., . . . Adams, J. (2001). Gene structure, alternative splicing, and chromosomal localization of pro-apoptotic Bcl-2 relative Bim. Mammalian Genome, 12(2), 163-168. DOI Scopus121 WoS116 Europe PMC78
2001	Coulthard, M., Lickliter, J., Subanesan, N., Chen, K., Webb, G., Lowry, A., . . . Boyd, A. (2001). Characterization of the EphA1 receptor tyrosine kinase: Expression in epithelial tissues. Growth Factors, 18(4), 303-317. DOI Scopus39 WoS37 Europe PMC23
2001	Travers, M., Vallance, A., Gourlay, H., Gill, C., Klein, I., Bottema, C., & Barber, M. (2001). Promoter I of the ovine acetyl-CoA carboxylase-a gene: an E-box motif at - 114 in the proximal promoter binds upstream stimulatory factor (USF)-1 and USF-2 and acts as an insulin-response sequence in differentiating adipocytes. Biochemical Journal, 359(Part 2), 273-284. DOI
2001	Casas, E., Sonstegard, T., Barendse, W., Bennett, G., Bottema, C., Crawford, A., . . . Xu, N. (2001). Comprehensive linkage map of bovine chromosome 27. Animal Genetics, 32(2), 95-97. DOI Scopus4 WoS4 Europe PMC2
2001	Casas, E., Bennett, G., Bottema, C., Crawford, A., Kalm, E., Kappes, S., . . . Xu, N. (2001). Comprehensive linkage map of bovine chromosome 11. Animal Genetics, 32(2), 92-94. DOI Scopus3 WoS1 Europe PMC2
2000	Malau-Aduli, A., Edriss, M., Siebert, B., Bottema, C., & Pitchford, W. (2000). Breed differences and genetic parameters for melting point, marbling score and fatty acid composition of lot-fed cattle. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition-Zeitschrift fur Tierphysiologie Tierernahrung und Futtermittelkunde, 83(2), 95-105. DOI Scopus18 WoS16
2000	Siebert, B., Pitchford, W., Kuchel, H., Kruk, Z., & Bottema, C. (2000). The Effect of b-carotene on desaturation of ruminant fat. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences, 13(SUPPL. A), 185-188. Scopus5
2000	Morris, C., Cullen, N., Bottema, C., Crawford, A., Hyndman, D., & Pitchford, W. (2000). Preliminary beef carcass composition data from breed crosses in a genetic marker trial. New Zealand Society of Animal Production Proceedings, 60, 113-114.
2000	Malau-Aduli, A., Edriss, M., Siebert, B., Bottema, C., Deland, M., & Pitchford, W. (2000). Estimates of genetic parameters for triacylglycerol fatty acids in beef cattle at weaning and slaughter. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition-Zeitschrift fur Tierphysiologie Tierernahrung und Futtermittelkunde, 83(4-5), 169-180. DOI Scopus11 WoS11
2000	Malau-Aduli, A., Siebert, B., Bottema, C., & Pitchford, W. (2000). Heterosis, sex and breed differences in the fatty acid composition of muscle phospholipids in beef cattle. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition-Zeitschrift fur Tierphysiologie Tierernahrung und Futtermittelkunde, 83(3), 113-120. DOI Scopus13 WoS11
2000	Malau-Aduli, A., Edriss, M., Siebert, B., Bottema, C., & Pitchford, W. (2000). Breed differences and heterosis in triacylglycerol fatty acid composition of bovine adipose tissue. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition-Zeitschrift fur Tierphysiologie Tierernahrung und Futtermittelkunde, 83(2), 106-112. DOI Scopus7 WoS7
2000	Maddox, J., Andrews, A., Gill, C., & Bottema, C. (2000). Linkage and physical mapping of the sheep perforin (PRF1) gene to OAR 25. Animal Genetics, 31(3), 231-232. Scopus1 WoS1 Europe PMC2
2000	Pitchford, W., & Bottema, C. (2000). Genetic effects on growth and development in Jersey and Limousin cross cattle. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences, 13(SUPPL. A), 485-488. Scopus1
2000	Duivestein, J., Pitchford, W., Bottema, C., Fassbender, R., Cusack, D., & Meldrum, R. (2000). Detection of vertical fiber hide defect (VFHD) in Hereford cattle hides by biopsy. Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association, 95(3), 92-101.
1999	Koukoulas, I., Webb, G., Bottema, C., Gill, C., Johnston, C., & Aldred, G. (1999). Genomic characterization of the sheep vasopressin V1a receptor gene and promoter, with assignment to bands q23-24 of sheep chromosome 3 and cattle chromosome 5. Gene, 240(1), 183-192. DOI Scopus5 WoS5 Europe PMC5
1999	Gill, C., Davis, S., Taylor, J., Cockett, N., & Bottema, C. (1999). Construction and characterizaton of an ovine bacterial artificial chromosome library. Mammalian Genome, 10(11), 1108-1111. DOI Scopus19 WoS20 Europe PMC14
1998	Malau-Aduli, A., Siebert, B., Bottema, C., & Pitchford, W. (1998). Breed Comparison of the Fatty Acid Composition of Muscle Phospholipids in Jersey and Limousin Cattle. Journal of Animal Science, 76(3), 766-774. DOI Scopus95 WoS93 Europe PMC36
1998	Parsons, Y., Webb, G., & Bottema, C. (1998). Assignment of the growth hormone receptor gene to band q17 of the homoeologous sheep 16 and cattle 20 chromosomes. Mammalian Genome, 9(7), 599-600. DOI Scopus6 WoS6 Europe PMC4
1997	Soon, L., Bottema, C., & Breed, W. (1997). Atomic force microscopy and cytochemistry of chromatin from marsupial spermatozoa with special reference to Sminthopsis crassicaudata. Molecular Reproduction and Development, 48(3), 367-374. DOI Scopus8 WoS8 Europe PMC4
1997	Pal, S., Bottema, C., & Roach, P. (1997). The effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids and vitamins on the expression of the low density lipoprotein receptor in human HepG2 hepatoma cells. ATHEROSCLEROSIS, 134(1-2), 361. DOI
1997	Jacoby, A., Webb, G., Liu, M., Kofler, B., Hort, Y., Fathi, Z., . . . Iismaa, T. (1997). Structural organization of the mouse and human GALR1 Galanin receptor genes (Galnr and GALNR) and chromosomal localization of the mouse gene. Genomics, 45(3), 496-508. DOI Scopus32 WoS30 Europe PMC19
1997	Webb, G., Jitrapakdee, S., Bottema, C., & Wallace, J. (1997). Assignment of the pyruvate carboxylase gene to rat chromosome band 1q43 by in situ hybridization. Cytogenetics and Cell Genetics, 79(1-2), 151-152. DOI Scopus8 WoS8 Europe PMC2
1997	Malau-Aduli, A., Siebert, B., Bottema, C., & Pitchford, W. (1997). A comparison of the fatty acid composition of triacylglycerols in adipose tissue from Limousin and Jersey cattle. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research, 48(5), 715-722. DOI Scopus97 WoS93
1997	Chapman, G., Remiszewski, J., Webb, G., Schulz, T., Bottema, C., & Rathjen, P. (1997). The Mouse Homeobox Gene, Gbx2: Genomic Organisation and Expression in Pluripotent Cells in Vitro and in Vivo. Genomics, 46(2), 223-233. DOI Scopus37 WoS36 Europe PMC25
1996	Andersson, L., Bottema, C., Broad, T., Gill, T., & Graves, J. (1996). Comparative Genome Organisation of Vertebrates. Mammalian Genome, 7(10), 717-734. DOI Scopus132 WoS116 Europe PMC76
1996	Bernard, O., Burkitt, V., Webb, G., Bottema, C., Nicholl, J., Sutherland, G., & Matthew, P. (1996). Structure and chromosomal localization of the genomic locus encoding the Kiz1 LIM-Kinase gene. Genomics, 35(3), 593-596. DOI Scopus13 WoS12 Europe PMC10
1995	Bottema, C. (1995). Genetic testing comes of age. Outlook on Agriculture, 24(4), 203-205.
1993	Bottema, C., & Sommer, S. (1993). PCR amplification of specific alleles: Rapid detection of known mutations and polymorphisms. Mutation Research - Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis, 288(1), 93-102. DOI Scopus94 WoS95 Europe PMC60
1993	Gostout, B., Vielhaber, E., Ketterling, R., Yoon, H., Bottema, C., Kasper, C., . . . Sommer, S. (1993). Germline mutations in the factor IX gene: A comparison of the pattern in caucasians and non-caucasians. Human Molecular Genetics, 2(3), 293-298. DOI Scopus22 WoS25 Europe PMC18
1993	Bottema, C., Sarkar, G., Cassady, J., Ii, S., Dutton, C., & Sommer, S. (1993). Polymerase Chain Reaction Amplification of Specific Alleles: A General Method of Detection of Mutations, Polymorphisms, and Haplotypes. Methods in Enzymology, 218(C), 388-402. DOI Scopus65 WoS64 Europe PMC42
1993	Ketterling, R., Vielhaber, E., Bottema, C., Schaid, D., Cohen, M., Sexauer, C., & Sommer, S. (1993). Germ-line origins of mutation in families with hemophilia B: The sex ratio varies with the type of mutation. American Journal of Human Genetics, 52(1), 152-166. Scopus71 WoS77 Europe PMC45
1993	Dutton, C., Bottema, C., & Sommer, S. (1993). Alu repeats in the human factor IX gene: The rate of polymorphism is not substantially elevated. Human Mutation, 2(6), 468-472. DOI Scopus2 WoS3 Europe PMC3
1993	Bottema, C., Ketterling, R., Vielhaber, E., Yoon, H., Gostout, B., Jacobson, D., . . . Sommer, S. (1993). The pattern of spontaneous germ-line mutation: relative rates of mutation at or near CpG dinucleotides in the factor IX gene. Human Genetics, 91(5), 496-503. DOI Scopus43 WoS44 Europe PMC25
1992	Sommer, S., Bowie, E., Ketterling, R., & Bottema, C. (1992). Missense mutations and the magnitude of functional deficit: the example of factor IX. Human Genetics, 89(3), 295-297. DOI Scopus16 WoS18 Europe PMC14
1992	Sommer, S., Groszbach, A., & Bottema, C. (1992). PCR amplification of specific alleles (PASA) is a general method for rapidly detecting known single-base changes. BioTechniques, 12(1), 82-87. Scopus185 WoS197 Europe PMC111
1992	KETTERLING, R., BOTTEMA, C., VIELHABER, E., & SOMMER, S. (1992). DIRECT CARRIER DETECTION FOR HEMOPHILIA-B - EXPERIENCE WITH 140 FAMILIES. TRANSFUSION, 32(5), 486.
1991	Ketterling, R., Bottema, C., Koeberl, D., Ii, S., & Sommer, S. (1991). T<sup>296</sup>→M, a common mutation causing mild hemophilia B in the Amish and others: founder effect, variability in factor IX activity assays, and rapid carrier detection. Human Genetics, 87(3), 333-337. DOI Scopus21 WoS29 Europe PMC19
1991	Bottema, C., Ketterling, R., Ii, S., Yoon, H., Phillips, J., & Sommer, S. (1991). Missense mutations and evolutionary conservation of amino acids: Evidence that many of the amino acids in factor IX function as 'spacer' elements. American Journal of Human Genetics, 49(4), 820-838. Scopus85 WoS97 Europe PMC58
1991	Bottema, C., Bottema, M., Ketterling, R., Yoon, H., Janco, R., Phillips, J., & Sommer, S. (1991). Why does the human factor IX gene have a G + C content of 40%?. American Journal of Human Genetics, 49(4), 839-850. Scopus40 WoS48 Europe PMC32
1991	BOTTEMA, C., KETTERLING, R., II, S., YOON, H., AXELSEN, P., PHILLIPS, J., & SOMMER, S. (1991). MISSENSE MUTATIONS AND EVOLUTIONARY CONSERVATION OF AMINO-ACIDS - EVIDENCE THAT MANY OF THE AMINO-ACIDS IN FACTOR-IX FUNCTION AS SPACER ELEMENTS. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS, 49(4), 462. WoS1
1991	Ketterling, R., Bottema, C., Phillips, J., & Sommer, S. (1991). Evidence that descendants of three founders constitute about 25% of hemophilia B in the united states. Genomics, 10(4), 1093-1096. DOI Scopus42 WoS49 Europe PMC36
1991	BOTTEMA, C., PHILLIPS, J., & SOMMER, S. (1991). MISSENSE MUTATIONS AND MILD HEMOPHILIA B. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS, 49(4), 15.
1991	BOTTEMA, C., BOTTEMA, M., KETTERLING, R., YOON, H., JANCO, R., PHILLIPS, J., & SOMMER, S. (1991). WHY DOES THE HUMAN FACTOR-IX GENE HAVE A G+C CONTENT OF 39 PERCENT. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS, 49(4), 494.
1990	Sarkar, G., Cassady, J., Bottema, C., & Sommer, S. (1990). Characterization of polymerase chain reaction amplification of specific alleles. Analytical Biochemistry, 186(1), 64-68. DOI Scopus131 WoS147 Europe PMC75
1990	Bottema, C., Koeberl, D., Ketterling, R., Bowie, E., Taylor, S., Lillicrap, D., . . . Sommer, S. (1990). A past mutation at Isoleucine <sup>397</sup> is now a common cause of moderate/mild haemophilia B. British Journal of Haematology, 75(2), 212-216. DOI Scopus25 WoS35 Europe PMC28
1990	Bottema, C., Ketterling, R., Koeberl, D., Taylor, S., & Sommer, S. (1990). Mutations at arginine residues in two Asian hemophilia B patients. Nucleic Acids Research, 18(7), 1924. DOI Scopus5 WoS8 Europe PMC8
1990	Koeberl, D., Bottema, C., Ketterling, R., Bridge, P., Lillicrap, D., & Sommer, S. (1990). Mutations causing hemophilia B: Direct estimate of the underlying rates of spontaneous germ-line transitions, transversions, and deletions in a human gene. American Journal of Human Genetics, 47(2), 202-217. Scopus105 WoS139 Europe PMC93
1990	Bottema, C., Ketterling, R., Yoon, H., & Sommer, S. (1990). The pattern of factor IX germ-line mutation in asians is similar to that of caucasians. American Journal of Human Genetics, 47(5), 835-841. Scopus35 WoS48 Europe PMC38
1990	Koeberl, D., Bottema, C., & Sommer, S. (1990). Comparison of direct and indirect methods of carrier detection in an X-linked disease. American Journal of Medical Genetics, 35(4), 600-608. DOI Scopus4 WoS6 Europe PMC4
1990	Koeberl, D., Bottema, C., Sarkar, G., Ketterling, R., Chen, S., & Sommer, S. (1990). Recurrent nonsense mutations at arginine residues cause severe hemophilia B in unrelated hemophiliacs. Human Genetics, 84(5), 387-390. DOI Scopus22 WoS33 Europe PMC24
1990	SOMMER, S., BOTTEMA, C., KOEBERL, D., & KETTERLING, R. (1990). DELINEATION BY DIRECT SEQUENCING OF THE MUTATION IN 62 PERSONS WITH HEMOPHILIA-B AND DIRECT CARRIER TESTING IN 58 AT-RISK WOMEN. TRANSFUSION, 30(3), 281.
1989	BOTTEMA, C., KOEBERL, D., & SOMMER, S. (1989). DIRECT CARRIER TESTING IN 14 FAMILIES WITH HAEMOPHILIA-B. LANCET, 2(8662), 526-529. DOI WoS34 Europe PMC20
1989	SOMMER, S., CASSADY, J., SOBELL, J., & BOTTEMA, C. (1989). A Novel Method for Detecting Point Mutations or Polymorphisms and Its Application to Population Screening for Carriers of Phenylketonuria. Mayo Clinic Proceedings, 64(11), 1361-1372. DOI Scopus122 WoS128 Europe PMC67
1989	Koeberl, D., Bottema, C., Buerstedde, J., & Sommer, S. (1989). Functionally important regions of the factor IX gene have a low rate of polymorphism and a high rate of mutation in the dinucleotide CpG. American Journal of Human Genetics, 45(3), 448-457. Scopus73 WoS104 Europe PMC77
1989	Bottema, C., Ketterling, R., Cho, H., & Sommer, S. (1989). Hemophilia B in a male with a four-base insertion that arose in the germline of his mother. Nucleic Acids Research, 17(23), 10139. DOI Scopus9 WoS13 Europe PMC12
1989	SOMMER, S., KOEBERL, D., BOTTEMA, C., & BUERSTEDDE, J. (1989). FUNCTIONALLY IMPORTANT REGIONS OF THE FACTOR-IX GENE HAVE A LOW RATE OF POLYMORPHISM AND A HIGH-RATE OF MUTATION IN THE DINUCLEOTIDE CPG. THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS, 62(1), 203.
1986	Miller, S., Bottema, C., Stathis, P., Tokés, L., & Feldman, D. (1986). Unexpected presence of estrogens in culture medium supplements: Subsequent metabolism by the yeast sacchromyces cerevisiae. Endocrinology, 119(3), 1362-1369. DOI Scopus13 WoS16 Europe PMC9
1985	Parks, L., Bottema, C., Rodriguez, R., & Lewis, T. (1985). [18] Yeast Sterols: Yeast Mutants as Tools for the Study of Sterol Metabolism. Methods in Enzymology, 111(C), 333-346. DOI Scopus67 WoS77 Europe PMC53
1985	Rodriguez, R., Low, C., Bottema, C., & Parks, L. (1985). Multiple functions for sterols in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)/Lipids and Lipid Metabolism, 837(3), 336-343. DOI Scopus166 WoS188 Europe PMC115
1985	Bottema, C., Rodriguez, R., & Parks, L. (1985). Influence of sterol structure on yeast plasma membrane properties. BBA - Biomembranes, 813(2), 313-320. DOI Scopus24 WoS26 Europe PMC12
1984	MCCAMMON, M., HARTMANN, M., BOTTEMA, C., & PARKS, L. (1984). STEROL METHYLATION IN SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE. JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY, 157(2), 475-483. WoS45 Europe PMC33
1983	Bottema, C., McLean-Bowen, C., & Parks, L. (1983). Role of sterol structure in the thermotropic behavior of plasma membranes of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. BBA - Biomembranes, 734(2), 235-248. DOI Scopus25 WoS35
1983	BOTTEMA, C., & PARKS, L. (1983). Effect of sterol structure on the physical-properties and function of plasma-membranes from yeast. Federation proceedings, 42(7), 1772.
1982	Parks, L., McLean-Bowen, C., Bottema, C., Taylor, F., Gonzales, R., Jensen, B., & Ramp, J. (1982). Aspects of sterol metabolism in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae and in Phytophthora. Lipids, 17(3), 187-196. DOI Scopus11 WoS17 Europe PMC5
1981	PARKS, L., MCLEANBOWEN, C., & BOTTEMA, C. (1981). EFFECTS OF LIPID ALTERATIONS ON MEMBRANE-PROPERTIES OF S-CEREVISIAE. FEDERATION PROCEEDINGS, 40(6), 1561.
1980	Bottema, C., & Parks, L. (1980). Sterol analysis of the inner and outer mitochondrial membranes in yeast. Lipids, 15(12), 987-992. DOI Scopus15 WoS15
1978	Bottema, C., & Parks, L. (1978). Δ¹⁴-sterol reductase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Lipids and Lipid Metabolism, 531(3), 301-307. DOI Scopus29 WoS37 Europe PMC12

Book Chapters

Year	Citation
2011	Siebert, B., Kruk, Z., Pitchford, W., & Bottema, C. (2011). Genetic basis of vitamin A and its role in lipid deposition and fatty acid desaturation of ruminant livestock. In L. P. Scott (Ed.), Vitamin A: Nutrition, Side Effects and Supplements (1 ed., pp. 105-123). United States of America: Nova Science Publishers.
2000	Tjakradidjaja, A., Brooker, J., & Bottema, C. (2000). Characterisation of Tannin-Resistant Bacteria from the Rumen Fluid of Feral Goats and Camels with Restriction Analysis of Amplified 16S rDNA. In Unknown Book (pp. 151-155). Canberra, Australia: AUSTRALIAN CENTRE INT AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH.
1998	Bottema, C., & Sommer, S. (1998). Selective amplification of specific alleles. In Mutation Detection (pp. 161-187). IRL Press for Oxford University Press.

Conference Papers

Year	Citation
2009	Chang, L. Y., Pitchford, W., & Bottema, C. D. K. (2009). IGF1 genotypes affect growth not tenderness in cattle. In Proceedings of the 18th Conference AAABG (pp. 512-515). Barossa Valley.
2009	Zulkifli, N., Naik, M., Pitchford, W., & Bottema, C. (2009). Cattle residual feed intake candidate genes. In Proceedings of the 18th Conference AAABG (pp. 668-671). Barossa Valley.
2009	Tian, R., Pitchford, W., & Bottema, C. (2009). QTL analysis of beef fat colour and the effect of BCD02. In Proceedings of the 18th Conference AAABG (pp. 496-499). Barossa Valley.
2009	Egarr, A., Pitchford, W., Bottema, M., Herd, R., Siddell, J., Thompson, J., & Bottema, C. (2009). Fat distribution in angus steers is related to residual feed intake estimated breeding value. In Proceedings of the 18th Conference AAABG (pp. 536-539). Barossa Valley.
2009	Lines, D., Wolcott, M., Pitchford, W., Bottema, C., Herd, R., & Oddy, H. (2009). Some consequences of selection for residual feed intake in beef cattle. In Proceedings of the 18th Conference AAABG (pp. 604-607). Barossa Valley.
2009	Novianti, I., Pitchford, W., & Bottema, C. (2009). Mapping of quantitative trait loci (QTL) for muscularity in beef cattle. In Proceedings of the 18th Conference AAABG (pp. 628-631). Barossa Valley.
2007	Morris, C., Cullen, N., Pitchford, W., Bottema, C., & Wilson, T. (2007). The AgResearch/University of Adelaide QTL study of carcass composition and meat quality traits in beef cattle. In Proceedings of the 17th AAAGB Conference (pp. 219-222). Australia: AAABG.
2007	McGrice, H., Nattrass, G., Hebart, M., Bottema, C., & Hynd, P. (2007). Expression of ectodysplasin A1 and ectodysplasin receptor in initiating primary wool follicles. In Proceedings of the Fifth International Congress of Hair Research (pp. 0 pages). Vancouver Canada.
2006	Esmailizadeh Koshkoih, A., Pitchford, W., Bottema, C., Verbyla, A., & Gilmour, A. (2006). Mapping multiple QTL for birth weight in cattle Using a mixed model approach. In Proceedings of the 8th World Congress on Genetics Applied to Livestock Production (pp. 1-4). Belo Horizonte, Brasil: World Congress on Genetics Applied to Livestock Production.
2005	Esmailizadeh Koshkoih, A., Bottema, C., Kruk, Z., Morris, C., Cullen, N., Crawford, A., & Pitchford, W. (2005). Association of the exon 9 single nucleotide polymorphism of CAPN1 with beef tenderness. In Application of new genetic technologies to animal breeeding : proceedings of the sixteenth conference (pp. 258-261). Melbourne: CSIRO Publishing.
2005	Esmailizadeh Koshkoih, A., Pitchford, W., Morris, C., Cullen, N., Crawford, A., & Bottema, C. (2005). QTL for meat colour and pH IN Bos Taurus cattle. In Application of new genetic technologies to animal breeeding : proceedings of the sixteenth conference (pp. 111-114). Brisbane: CSIRO Publishing.
2004	Naik, M., Fenton, M., Pitchford, W., & Bottema, C. (2004). Identifying genes controlling net feed efficiency in cattle. In Proceedings of the 29th International Conference on Animal Genetics Vol. 2004 (pp. p.114). Tokyo, Japan.
2003	Pitchford, W., Kruk, Z., Morris, C., Cullen, N., Hyndman, D., Crawford, A., & Bottema, C. (2003). QTL for cooking loss in Bos taurus cattle. In 50 years of DNA : Proceedings of the fifteenth conference, association for the advancement of animal breeding and genetics. (pp. 409-412). Australia: AAABIG DISTRIBUTION SERVICE.
2003	Morris, C., Cullen, N., Pitchford, W., Hickey, S., Hyndman, D., Crawford, A., & Bottema, C. (2003). QTL for birth weight in Bos taurus cattle. In 50 years of DNA: Australian Association of Animal Breeding & Genetics (pp. 400-403). Australia: AAABG DISTRIBUTION SERVICE.
2002	Bottema, C. (2002). Stealing the riches: using the human genome project for livestock research. In Proceedings of the Australian Association of Cattle Veterinarians Adelaide Conference : Embracing change through technology (pp. 147-152). Adelaide, S.A.: Australian Sheep Veterinary Society.
2002	Morris, C., Pitchford, W., Cullen, N., Hickey, S., Hyndman, D., Crawford, A., & Bottema, C. (2002). Additive effects of two growth QTL on cattle chromosome 14. In Proceedings of the 7th World Congress on Genetics Applied to Livestock Production 31 (pp. 491-494). Montpellier, France).
2002	Kruk, Z., Pitchford, W., Deland, M., & Bottema, C. (2002). Genetics of seam fat in cattle. In Proceedings of the 7th World Congress on Genetics Applied to Livestock Production 31 (pp. 459-462). Montpellier, France): INRA/CIRAD.
2002	Afolayan, R., Bottema, C., & Pitchford, W. (2002). Evidence of non-additive genetic effects on predicted carcass composition. In Proceedings of the 7th World Congress on Genetics Applied to Livestock Production 31 (pp. 467-470). Montpellier, France: INRA/CIRAD.
2002	Pitchford, W., Fenton, M., Kister, A., & Bottema, C. (2002). QTL for feed intake and associated traits. In Proceedings of the 7th World Congress on Genetics Applied to Livestock Production (pp. 253-256). Montpellier, France: INRA/CIRAD.
2001	Hebart, M., Bottema, C., & Pitchford, W. (2001). Mapping quantitative trait loci for feed efficiency in mice - a preliminary analysis. In Neville Jepson (Ed.), Proceedings of the Association for the Advancement of Animal Breeding and Genetics (pp. 179-182). AUSTRALIA: AAABG DISTRIBUTION SERVICE.
2001	Morris, C., Cullen, N., Hickey, S., Crawford, A., Hyndman, D., Bottema, C., & Pitchford, W. (2001). Progress in DNA marker studies of beef carcass composition and meat quality in New Zealand and Australia. In Proceedings of the Association for the Advancement of Animal Breeding and Genetics (pp. 17-22). AUSTRALIA: AAABG DISTRIBUTION SERVICE.
2001	Pitchford, W., Deland, M., Siebert, B., Malau-Aduli, A., & Bottema, C. (2001). Breed differences and genetic parameters for fat traits of crossbred cattle. In Proceedings of the Association for the Advancement of Animal Breeding and Genetics (pp. 477-480). AUSTRALIA: AAAGB.
2001	Afolayan, R., Pitchford, W., & Bottema, C. (2001). Genetic effects on shape and fatness of calves from diverse crosses. In Neville Jopson (Ed.), Proceedings of the Association for the Advancement of Animal Breeding and Genetics (pp. 481-484). AUSTRALIA: AAABG DISTRIBUTION SERIVCE.
2001	Fisher, A., Morris, C., Matthews, L., Pitchford, W., & Bottema, C. (2001). Handling and stress response traits in cattle: identification of putative genetic markers. In International Congress of the ISAE. Davis, California: University of California at Davis.

Patents

Year Citation
2007 Pitchford, W., Bottema, C., & Naik, M. (2007). WO/2007/070965, Quantitative trait loci for bovine net feed intake.

Year	Citation
2007	Pitchford, W., Bottema, C., & Naik, M. (2007). WO/2007/070965, Quantitative trait loci for bovine net feed intake.

Expand

Current Higher Degree by Research Supervision (University of Adelaide)

Date	Role	Research Topic	Program	Degree Type	Student Load	Student Name
2017	Principal Supervisor	Gene editing in Brahman Cattle to produce polled animals	Doctor of Philosophy	Doctorate	Full Time	Miss Johanna Ellen Aldersey
2017	Principal Supervisor	Efffects of colotrum on livestock health and production	Doctor of Philosophy	Doctorate	Full Time	Mrs Hue Thi Do
2016	Principal Supervisor	Prevalence of C-KIT Activation Mutations in Mast Cell Tumours from Australian Dogs	Doctor of Philosophy	Doctorate	Full Time	Miss Vanessa Tamlin

Past Higher Degree by Research Supervision (University of Adelaide)

Date	Role	Research Topic	Program	Degree Type	Student Load	Student Name
2013 - 2014	Co-Supervisor	Genetic diversity and measuring genetic parameters for economically import traits in Zambian cattle	Master of Philosophy	Master	Full Time	Mr Ellison Musimuko
2012 - 2012	Co-Supervisor	Isolation and Characterisation of Tannin-Resistant Bacteria from the Rumen of Feral Goats and Camels	Master of Science	Master	Full Time	Ms Anita Sardiana Tjakradidjaja
2011 - 2017	Principal Supervisor	Progressing a Scoring Scheme for Intervertebral Disc Clacification Screening in Dachshund Dogs	Master of Philosophy	Master	Part Time	Dr Alana Rosenblatt
2009 - 2016	Principal Supervisor	Molecular Genetics of Residual Feed Intake and Mitochondrial Function in Cattle	Doctor of Philosophy	Doctorate	Full Time	Mrs Nadiatur Akmar Zulkifli
2007 - 2011	Principal Supervisor	Molecular Genetics of Cattle Muscularity	Master of Agricultural Science	Master	Full Time	Ms Irida Novianti
2007 - 2012	Principal Supervisor	Quantitative Trait Loci and Genes Affecting Beef Tenderness	Doctor of Philosophy	Doctorate	Full Time	Mr Lei Yao Chang
2007 - 2012	Principal Supervisor	Genomic Approach to Understanding Variation in Bovine Fat Colour	Doctor of Philosophy	Doctorate	Full Time	Mr Rugang Tian
2007 - 2016	Principal Supervisor	Consequences of Selection for Residual Feed Intake	Doctor of Philosophy	Doctorate	Full Time	Mr David Lines
2006 - 2012	Principal Supervisor	Genetic Independence of Fat Depots in Cattle	Doctor of Philosophy	Doctorate	Full Time	Mr Andrew Egarr
2004 - 2010	Principal Supervisor	Molecular Characterisation of Primary Wool Follicle Initiation in Merino Sheep	Doctor of Philosophy	Doctorate	Part Time	Dr Hayley McGrice
2003 - 2008	Principal Supervisor	Identification and Characterization of Genetic Markers and Metabolic Pathways Controlling Net Feed Efficiency in Beef Cattle	Doctor of Philosophy	Doctorate	Full Time	Mr Madan Naik
2003 - 2007	Co-Supervisor	Multiple Trait Analysis for Genetic Mapping of Quantitative Trait Loci for Carcass and Beef Quality	Doctor of Philosophy	Doctorate	Full Time	Mr Ali Esmailizadeh Koshkoih
1999 - 2003	Co-Supervisor	Genetics of Growth and Development in Cattle	Doctor of Philosophy	Doctorate	Full Time	Mr Raphael Afolayan
1998 - 2002	Principal Supervisor	DISCOVERY, ANALYSIS, AND UTILITY OF BOVINE SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISMS	Doctor of Philosophy	Doctorate	Part Time	Miss Gabrielle Sellick
1998 - 2004	Co-Supervisor	Genomics of Feed Efficiency for Livestock	Doctor of Philosophy	Doctorate	Full Time	Dr Michelle Hebart
1995 - 2010	Co-Supervisor	Comparative Analysis of Two Attachment Variants of Butyrivibrio Fibrisolvens	Doctor of Philosophy	Doctorate	Full Time	Mr Djarot Sasongko Hami Seno

Position: Associate Professor
Phone: 83137641
Email: cynthia.bottema@adelaide.edu.au
Fax: 8313 7972
Campus: Roseworthy
Building: J.S. Davies, floor G
Room: G 15
Org Unit: Animal Science

Dr Cynthia Bottema

Appointments

Education

Research Interests

Journals

Book Chapters

Conference Papers

Patents

Current Higher Degree by Research Supervision (University of Adelaide)

Past Higher Degree by Research Supervision (University of Adelaide)

Connect With Me

External Profiles