Dr Melissa McCradden
THRF Clinical Research Fellow
Australian Institute for Machine Learning - Projects
Faculty of Sciences, Engineering and Technology
Eligible to supervise Masters and PhD (as Co-Supervisor) - email supervisor to discuss availability.
Dr. Melissa McCradden is the Women's and Children's Health Network Artificial Intelligence Director and The Hospital Research Foundation (THRF) Group Clinical Research Fellow in Ethics of AI at the Australian Institute for Machine Learning at the University of Adelaide. She is an Adjunct Scientist with the SickKids Research Institute. Dr McCradden serves as an Associate Editor for the journal Research Ethics.
Dr. McCradden's expertise is in the development of ethical frameworks derived from clinical and technical knowledge grounded in policy, law, and moral theory. She has published on algorithmic bias, responsible clinical evaluation of healthcare machine learning, and clinical integration of AI. Dr. McCradden participates in a plethora of international reporting guideline initiatives including CONSORT and SPIRIT AI (clinical trials), DECIDE-AI (first-in-human trials) and many others. She was listed among the 100 Brilliant Women in AI Ethics List (2022).
Dr. McCradden holds a PhD in Neuroscience from McMaster University, a Master of Health Sciences in Bioethics from the University of Toronto, and was the inaugural Postdoctoral Fellow in AI Ethics at SickKids and Vector Institute.
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Appointments
Date Position Institution name 2024 - ongoing THRF Clinical Research Fellow Australian Institute for Machine Learning 2024 - ongoing Adjunct Scientist SickKids Research Institute 2024 - ongoing AI Director Women's and Children's Hospital Network 2022 - 2024 Associate Scientist SickKids Research Institute 2022 - 2024 John and Melinda Thompson Director of AI Integration The Hospital for Sick Children (SickKids) 2020 - 2023 Assistant Professor University of Toronto 2019 - 2024 Bioethicist The Hospital for Sick Children -
Language Competencies
Language Competency French Can read, write, speak, understand spoken and peer review -
Education
Date Institution name Country Title McMaster University Canada PhD University of Toronto Canada MHSc -
Postgraduate Training
Date Title Institution Country AI Ethics Fellow Vector Institute/SickKids Canada
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Journals
Year Citation 2024 Kwong, J. C. C., Nguyen, D. -D., Khondker, A., Kim, J. K., Johnson, A. E. W., McCradden, M. M., . . . Rickard, M. (2024). When the Model Trains You: Induced Belief Revision and Its Implications on Artificial Intelligence Research and Patient Care — A Case Study on Predicting Obstructive Hydronephrosis in Children. NEJM AI, 1(2).
2024 Tikhomirov, L., Semmler, C., McCradden, M., Searston, R., Ghassemi, M., & Oakden-Rayner, L. (2024). Medical artificial intelligence for clinicians: the lost cognitive perspective. The Lancet: Digital Health, 6(8), e589-e594.
2024 Martindale, A. P. L., Llewellyn, C. D., de Visser, R. O., Ng, B., Ngai, V., Kale, A. U., . . . Liu, X. (2024). Author Correction: Concordance of randomised controlled trials for artificial intelligence interventions with the CONSORT-AI reporting guidelines.. Nat Commun, 15(1), 6376.
2024 Turner, L. M., & McCradden, M. D. (2024). Complexities in Capacity Assessment for Persons with Severe and Enduring Anorexia.. Am J Bioeth, 24(8), 111-113.
2024 McCradden, M. D., & Stedman, I. (2024). Explaining decisions without explainability? Artificial intelligence and medicolegal accountability.. Future healthcare journal, 11(3), 100171.
2024 Ning, Y., Liu, X., Collins, G. S., Moons, K. G. M., McCradden, M., Ting, D. S. W., . . . Liu, N. (2024). An ethics assessment tool for artificial intelligence implementation in healthcare: CARE-AI. Nature Medicine.
2024 Alderman, J. E., Charalambides, M., Sachdeva, G., Laws, E., Palmer, J., Lee, E., . . . Liu, X. (2024). Revealing transparency gaps in publicly available COVID-19 datasets used for medical artificial intelligence development—a systematic review. The Lancet Digital Health, 6(11), e827-e847.
2024 Collins, G. S., Moons, K. G. M., Dhiman, P., Riley, R. D., Beam, A. L., Van Calster, B., . . . Logullo, P. (2024). TRIPOD+AI statement: updated guidance for reporting clinical prediction models that use regression or machine learning methods.. BMJ, 385, 14 pages.
Scopus68 Europe PMC352024 Liu, X., Rivera, S. C., Moher, D., Calvert, M. J., Denniston, A. K., Chan, A. W., . . . Rowley, S. (2024). Reporting guidelines for clinical trial reports for interventions involving artificial intelligence: the CONSORT-AI extension. Revista Panamericana de Salud Publica/Pan American Journal of Public Health, 48, 1.
2024 Rivera, S. C., Liu, X., Chan, A. W., Denniston, A. K., Calvert, M. J., Darzi, A., . . . Rowley, S. (2024). Guidelines for clinical trial protocols for interventions involving artificial intelligence: the SPIRIT-AI extension. Revista Panamericana de Salud Publica/Pan American Journal of Public Health, 48, 1.
2024 Ferretti, A., Adjei, K. K., Ali, J., Atuire, C., Ayuk, B. T., Banougnin, B. H., . . . Vayena, E. (2024). Digital tools for youth health promotion: principles, policies and practices in sub-Saharan Africa. Health Promotion International, 39(2), 11 pages.
2024 Jones, C., Castro, D. C., De Sousa Ribeiro, F., Oktay, O., McCradden, M., & Glocker, B. (2024). A causal perspective on dataset bias in machine learning for medical imaging. Nature Machine Intelligence, 6(2), 138-146.
Scopus42024 Martindale, A. P. L., Ng, B., Ngai, V., Kale, A. U., Ferrante di Ruffano, L., Golub, R. M., . . . Liu, X. (2024). Concordance of randomised controlled trials for artificial intelligence interventions with the CONSORT-AI reporting guidelines. Nature Communications, 15(1), 1619-1-1619-11.
Scopus3 Europe PMC32023 Arora, A., Alderman, J. E., Palmer, J., Ganapathi, S., Laws, E., McCradden, M. D., . . . Liu, X. (2023). The value of standards for health datasets in artificial intelligence-based applications. Nature Medicine, 29(11), 2929-2938.
Scopus28 WoS2 Europe PMC102023 Herington, J., McCradden, M. D., Creel, K., Boellaard, R., Jones, E. C., Jha, A. K., . . . Saboury, B. (2023). Ethical considerations for artificial intelligence in medical imaging: Data collection, development, and evaluation. Journal of Nuclear Medicine, 64(12), 1848-1854.
Scopus11 Europe PMC32023 McCradden, M. D., Joshi, S., Anderson, J. A., & London, A. J. (2023). A normative framework for artificial intelligence as a sociotechnical system in healthcare. Patterns, 4(11), 9 pages.
Scopus2 Europe PMC12023 Herington, J., McCradden, M. D., Creel, K., Boellaard, R., Jones, E. C., Jha, A. K., . . . Saboury, B. (2023). Ethical Considerations for Artificial Intelligence in Medical Imaging: Deployment and Governance. Journal of Nuclear Medicine, 64(10), 1509-1515.
Scopus11 Europe PMC62023 Kwong, J. C. C., Khondker, A., Lajkosz, K., McDermott, M. B. A., Frigola, X. B., McCradden, M. D., . . . Johnson, A. E. W. (2023). APPRAISE-AI Tool for Quantitative Evaluation of AI Studies for Clinical Decision Support. JAMA Network Open, 6(9), 11 pages.
Scopus17 Europe PMC102023 McCradden, M. D. (2023). Ethics, First. American Journal of Bioethics, 23(9), 55-56.
2023 Dhiman, P., Whittle, R., Van Calster, B., Ghassemi, M., Liu, X., McCradden, M. D., . . . Collins, G. S. (2023). The TRIPOD-P reporting guideline for improving the integrity and transparency of predictive analytics in healthcare through study protocols. Nature Machine Intelligence, 5(8), 816-817.
Scopus52023 McCradden, M., Hui, K., & Buchman, D. Z. (2023). Evidence, ethics and the promise of artificial intelligence in psychiatry. Journal of Medical Ethics, 49(8), 573-579.
Scopus27 Europe PMC152023 Xiao, L., Kang, S., Djordjevic, D., Gonorazky, H., Chiang, J., Ambreen, M., . . . Amin, R. (2023). Understanding caregiver experiences with disease-modifying therapies for spinal muscular atrophy: A qualitative study. Archives of Disease in Childhood, 108(11), 929-934.
Scopus4 Europe PMC32023 Bradshaw, T. J., McCradden, M. D., Jha, A. K., Dutta, J., Saboury, B., Siegel, E. L., & Rahmim, A. (2023). Artificial Intelligence Algorithms Need to Be Explainable—or Do They?. Journal of Nuclear Medicine, 64(6), 976-977.
Scopus6 Europe PMC12023 Katzman, D. K., & McCradden, M. D. (2023). Capacity for Preferences: Adolescents With AN-PLUS. Journal of Adolescent Health, 72(6), 827-828.
Scopus1 Europe PMC12023 Taheri-Shirazi, M., Namdar, K., Ling, K., Karmali, K., McCradden, M. D., Lee, W., & Khalvati, F. (2023). Exploring potential barriers in equitable access to pediatric diagnostic imaging using machine learning. Frontiers in Public Health, 11, 11 pages.
Scopus3 Europe PMC22023 McCradden, M. D., & Kirsch, R. E. (2023). Patient wisdom should be incorporated into health AI to avoid algorithmic paternalism. Nature Medicine, 29(4), 765-766.
Scopus6 Europe PMC42023 Tsiandoulas, K., McSheffrey, G., Fleming, L., Rawal, V., Fadel, M. P., Katzman, D. K., & McCradden, M. D. (2023). Ethical tensions in the treatment of youth with severe anorexia nervosa. The Lancet Child and Adolescent Health, 7(1), 69-76.
Scopus8 Europe PMC52023 Thai, K., Tsiandoulas, K. H., Stephenson, E. A., Menna-Dack, D., Zlotnik Shaul, R., Anderson, J. A., . . . McCradden, M. D. (2023). Perspectives of Youths on the Ethical Use of Artificial Intelligence in Health Care Research and Clinical Care. JAMA network open, 6(5), e2310659.
Scopus11 WoS2 Europe PMC72023 McCradden, M. D. (2023). Partnering with children and youth to advance artificial intelligence in healthcare. Pediatric Research, 93(2), 284-286.
Scopus2 Europe PMC12022 Anderson, J. A., McCradden, M. D., & Stephenson, E. A. (2022). Response to Open Peer Commentaries: On Social Harms, Big Tech, and Institutional Accountability. American Journal of Bioethics, 22(10), W6-W8.
2022 McCradden, M. D., Anderson, J. A., A. Stephenson, E., Drysdale, E., Erdman, L., Goldenberg, A., & Zlotnik Shaul, R. (2022). A Research Ethics Framework for the Clinical Translation of Healthcare Machine Learning. American Journal of Bioethics, 22(5), 8-22.
Scopus54 Europe PMC232022 Sounderajah, V., McCradden, M. D., Liu, X., Rose, S., Ashrafian, H., Collins, G. S., . . . Darzi, A. (2022). Ethics methods are required as part of reporting guidelines for artificial intelligence in healthcare. Nature Machine Intelligence, 4(4), 316-317.
Scopus92022 McCradden, M. (2022). Melissa McCradden. CELL REPORTS MEDICINE, 3(12), 2 pages.
2022 Kwong, J. C. C., Erdman, L., Khondker, A., Skreta, M., Goldenberg, A., McCradden, M. D., . . . Rickard, M. (2022). The silent trial - the bridge between bench-to-bedside clinical AI applications. Frontiers in Digital Health, 4, 10 pages.
Scopus92022 Assadi, A., Laussen, P. C., Goodwin, A. J., Goodfellow, S., Dixon, W., Greer, R. W., . . . Mazwi, M. L. (2022). An integration engineering framework for machine learning in healthcare. Frontiers in Digital Health, 4.
Scopus52022 Pereira, M., Akinkugbe, O., Buckley, L., Gilfoyle, E., Ibrahim, S., McCradden, M., . . . Dryden-Palmer, K. (2022). Up to the Challenge: Adapting Pediatric Intensive Care During a Global Pandemic. Frontiers in Pediatrics, 10, 10 pages.
Scopus32022 Monah, S. R., Wagner, M. W., Biswas, A., Khalvati, F., Erdman, L. E., Amirabadi, A., . . . Ertl-Wagner, B. B. (2022). Data governance functions to support responsible data stewardship in pediatric radiology research studies using artificial intelligence. Pediatric Radiology, 52(11), 2111-2119.
Scopus7 Europe PMC32022 Vasey, B., Nagendran, M., Campbell, B., Clifton, D. A., Collins, G. S., Denaxas, S., . . . Mcculloch, P. (2022). Reporting guideline for the early stage clinical evaluation of decision support systems driven by artificial intelligence: DECIDE-AI. The BMJ, 377, e070904.
Scopus79 Europe PMC512022 Shi, P., Liu, Z. -Y., Zhang, X. -Q., Chen, X., Yao, N., Xie, J., . . . Zhang, Q. (2022). Polar interaction of polymer host-solvent enables stable solid electrolyte interphase in composite lithium metal anodes. JOURNAL OF ENERGY CHEMISTRY, 64, 172-178.
WoS392022 Liu, X., Glocker, B., McCradden, M. M., Ghassemi, M., Denniston, A. K., & Oakden-Rayner, L. (2022). The medical algorithmic audit.. Lancet Digit Health, 4(5), E384-E397.
Scopus108 WoS37 Europe PMC482022 Vasey, B., Nagendran, M., Campbell, B., Clifton, D. A., Collins, G. S., Denaxas, S., . . . Militello, L. (2022). Publisher Correction: Reporting guideline for the early-stage clinical evaluation of decision support systems driven by artificial intelligence: DECIDE-AI (Nature Medicine, (2022), 28, 5, (924-933), 10.1038/s41591-022-01772-9). Nature Medicine, 28(10), 2218.
Scopus3 Europe PMC12022 Ganapathi, S., Palmer, J., Alderman, J. E., Calvert, M., Espinoza, C., Gath, J., . . . Liu, X. (2022). Tackling bias in AI health datasets through the STANDING Together initiative.. Nature medicine, 28(11), 2232-2233.
Scopus34 WoS5 Europe PMC182022 Vasey, B., Nagendran, M., Campbell, B., Clifton, D. A., Collins, G. S., Denaxas, S., . . . Yoon, J. H. (2022). Reporting guideline for the early-stage clinical evaluation of decision support systems driven by artificial intelligence: DECIDE-AI. Nature Medicine, 28(5), 924-933.
Scopus178 Europe PMC1022021 Chen, B., Gao, H., Li, H., Ma, H., Gao, P., Chu, P., & Shi, P. (2021). Indoor and Outdoor Surface Measurement of 3D Objects under Different Background Illuminations and Wind Conditions Using Laser-Beam-Based Sinusoidal Fringe Projections. PHOTONICS, 8(6), 17 pages.
WoS32021 Chen, B., Li, H., Yue, J., & Shi, P. (2021). Fourier-Transform-Based Surface Measurement and Reconstruction of Human Face Using the Projection of Monochromatic Structured Light. SENSORS, 21(7), 14 pages.
WoS32021 Liu, S., Shi, P., Wan, Z., Lu, S., Lv, J., & Meng, F. (2021). Interrelationships between Acoustic Emission and Cutting Force in Rock Cutting. GEOFLUIDS, 2021, 12 pages.
WoS12021 Yin, J., Gao, C., Zhu, M., Wang, H., Shi, P., Chen, Y. Y., . . . Yu, B. (2021). Oil Accumulation Model and Its Main Controlling Factors in Lower Yanchang Formation, Wuqi-Dingbianarea, Ordos Basin, China. GEOFLUIDS, 2021, 10 pages.
WoS22021 Baba, A., Saha, A., McCradden, M. D., Boparai, K., Zhang, S., Pirouzmand, F., . . . Cusimano, M. D. (2021). Development and validation of a patient-centered, meningioma-specific quality-of-life questionnaire. Journal of Neurosurgery, 135(6), 1685-1694.
Scopus7 Europe PMC52021 McCradden, M. D., & Chad, L. (2021). Screening for facial differences worldwide: equity and ethics. The Lancet Digital Health, 3(10), e615-e616.
Scopus1 Europe PMC12021 Sounderajah, V., Ashrafian, H., Rose, S., Shah, N. H., Ghassemi, M., Golub, R., . . . Darzi, A. (2021). A quality assessment tool for artificial intelligence-centered diagnostic test accuracy studies: QUADAS-AI. Nature Medicine, 27(10), 1663-1665.
Scopus90 Europe PMC622021 McCradden, M. D. (2021). When is accuracy off-target?. Translational Psychiatry, 11(1), 2 pages.
Scopus6 Europe PMC32021 Zlotnik Shaul, R., Shaul, D., Anderson, J., & McCradden, M. (2021). The Gift in Precision Medicine: Unwrapping the Significance of Reciprocity and Generosity. American Journal of Bioethics, 21(4), 78-80.
Scopus1 Europe PMC12021 Helmers, A., McCradden, M., Kirsch, R., & Shaul, R. Z. (2021). Cracking the Code: COVID-19 and the Future of Professional Promises. American Journal of Bioethics, 21(1), 19-21.
2021 McCradden, M. D., Patel, E., & Chad, L. (2021). The point-of-care use of a facial phenotyping tool in the genetics clinic: An ethics tête-a-tête. American Journal of Medical Genetics, Part A, 185(2), 658-660.
Scopus6 Europe PMC12020 McCradden, M. D., Joshi, S., Anderson, J. A., Mazwi, M., Goldenberg, A., & Shaul, R. Z. (2020). Patient safety and quality improvement: Ethical principles for a regulatory approach to bias in healthcare machine learning. Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association, 27(12), 2024-2027.
Scopus57 Europe PMC292020 McCradden, M. D., Baba, A., Saha, A., Ahmad, S., Boparai, K., Fadaiefard, P., & Cusimano, M. D. (2020). Ethical concerns around use of artificial intelligence in health care research from the perspective of patients with meningioma, caregivers and health care providers: a qualitative study. CMAJ open, 8(1), E90-E95.
Scopus46 Europe PMC312020 McCradden, M. D., Sarker, T., & Paprica, P. A. (2020). Conditionally positive: A qualitative study of public perceptions about using health data for artificial intelligence research. BMJ Open, 10(10), 9 pages.
Scopus33 Europe PMC222020 McCradden, M. D., Anderson, J. A., & Zlotnik Shaul, R. (2020). Accountability in the Machine Learning Pipeline: The Critical Role of Research Ethics Oversight. American Journal of Bioethics, 20(11), 40-42.
Scopus6 Europe PMC32020 McCradden, M. D., Stephenson, E. A., & Anderson, J. A. (2020). Clinical research underlies ethical integration of healthcare artificial intelligence. Nature Medicine, 26(9), 1325-1326.
Scopus41 Europe PMC162020 McCradden, M. D., Joshi, S., Mazwi, M., & Anderson, J. A. (2020). Ethical limitations of algorithmic fairness solutions in health care machine learning. The Lancet Digital Health, 2(5), e221-e223.
Scopus124 Europe PMC732020 Baba, A., McCradden, M. D., Rabski, J., & Cusimano, M. D. (2020). Determining the unmet needs of patients with intracranial meningioma - A qualitative assessment. Neuro-Oncology Practice, 7(2), 228-238.
Scopus92020 Cruz Rivera, S., Liu, X., Chan, A. W., Denniston, A. K., Calvert, M. J., Darzi, A., . . . Rowley, S. (2020). Guidelines for clinical trial protocols for interventions involving artificial intelligence: the SPIRIT-AI extension. Nature Medicine, 26(9), 1351-1363.
Scopus270 Europe PMC1412020 Cruz Rivera, S., Liu, X., Chan, A. W., Denniston, A. K., Calvert, M. J., Ashrafian, H., . . . Yau, C. (2020). Guidelines for clinical trial protocols for interventions involving artificial intelligence: the SPIRIT-AI extension. The Lancet Digital Health, 2(10), e549-e560.
Scopus161 Europe PMC872020 Liu, X., Cruz Rivera, S., Moher, D., Calvert, M. J., Denniston, A. K., Ashrafian, H., . . . Yau, C. (2020). Reporting guidelines for clinical trial reports for interventions involving artificial intelligence: the CONSORT-AI extension. The Lancet Digital Health, 2(10), e537-e548.
Scopus142 Europe PMC812020 Rivera, S. C., Liu, X., Chan, A. -W., Denniston, A. K., Calvert, M. J., Ashrafian, H., . . . Yau, C. (2020). Guidelines for clinical trial protocols for interventions involving artificial intelligence: the SPIRIT-AI Extension. BMJ-BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL, 370, 14 pages.
WoS40 Europe PMC862020 Liu, X., Rivera, S. C., Moher, D., Calvert, M. J., Denniston, A. K., Ashrafian, H., . . . Yau, C. (2020). Reporting guidelines for clinical trial reports for interventions involving artificial intelligence: the CONSORT-AI Extension. BMJ-BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL, 370, 13 pages.
WoS53 Europe PMC1152020 Liu, X., Cruz Rivera, S., Moher, D., Calvert, M. J., Denniston, A. K., Chan, A. W., . . . Rowley, S. (2020). Reporting guidelines for clinical trial reports for interventions involving artificial intelligence: the CONSORT-AI extension. Nature Medicine, 26(9), 1364-1374.
Scopus393 Europe PMC2172019 McCradden, M. D., Vasileva, D., Orchanian-Cheff, A., & Buchman, D. Z. (2019). Ambiguous identities of drugs and people: A scoping review of opioid-related stigma. International Journal of Drug Policy, 74, 205-215.
Scopus83 Europe PMC492019 McCradden, M. D., & Anderson, J. A. (2019). The Last Refuge of Privacy. AJOB Neuroscience, 10(1), 25-28.
2019 McCradden, M. D., & Cusimano, M. D. (2019). Staying true to Rowan’s Law: how changing sport culture can realize the goal of the legislation. Canadian Journal of Public Health, 110(2), 165-168.
Scopus12 Europe PMC42019 McCradden, M. D., & Cusimano, M. D. (2019). Voices of survivors: 'you will not destroy our light'. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 53(22), 1384-1385.
Scopus42018 McCradden, M. D., & Cusimano, M. D. (2018). Concussions in sledding sports and the unrecognized "sled head": A systematic review. Frontiers in Neurology, 9(SEP), 8 pages.
Scopus132018 McCradden, M. D., & Cusimano, M. D. (2018). Optimized or Hijacked? The Moral Boundaries of Natural Athletic Performance. American Journal of Bioethics, 18(6), 26-28.
Scopus1 Europe PMC12018 McCradden, M. D., & Cusimano, M. D. (2018). Questioning Assumptions About Vulnerability in Psychiatric Patients. AJOB Neuroscience, 9(4), 221-223.
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Conference Papers
Year Citation 2023 Mccradden, M., Odusi, O., Joshi, S., Akrout, I., Ndlovu, K., Glocker, B., . . . Goldenberg, A. (2023). What's fair is… fair? Presenting JustEFAB, an ethical framework for operationalizing medical ethics and social justice in the integration of clinical machine learning. In 2023 ACM Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency Vol. 27 (pp. 15 pages). Online: ACM.
DOI Scopus82022 Tonekaboni, S., Morgenshtern, G., Assadi, A., Pokhrel, A., Huang, X., Jayarajan, A., . . . Goldenberg, A. (2022). How to validate Machine Learning Models Prior to Deployment: Silent trial protocol for evaluation of real-time models at ICU. In Proceedings of Machine Learning Research Vol. 174 (pp. 169-182).
Scopus42019 Tonekaboni, S., Joshi, S., McCradden, M. D., & Goldenberg, A. (2019). What Clinicians Want: Contextualizing Explainable Machine Learning for Clinical End Use. In Proceedings of Machine Learning Research Vol. 106 (pp. 359-380).
Scopus219 -
Report for External Bodies
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Preprint
Year Citation 2020 McCradden, M. D., Sarker, T., & Paprica, P. A. (2020). Conditionally positive: a qualitative study of public perceptions about using health data for artificial intelligence research.
DOI
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Current Higher Degree by Research Supervision (University of Adelaide)
Date Role Research Topic Program Degree Type Student Load Student Name 2024 Co-Supervisor Understanding Bias Caused by User Interaction with AI in High-Risk Decision Making Doctor of Philosophy Doctorate Full Time Miss Lana Tikhomirov
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