Yuliy Chirkov
Adelaide Medical School
Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences
Eligible to supervise Masters and PhD - email supervisor to discuss availability.
Dr Chirkov's current research focus is the clinical phenomenon of “clopidogrel resistance”. It appears that impairment in cyclic nucleotide signalling contributes to the pathophysiological mechanism of this condition.
Blood clots cause heart attacks and strokes. Clot formation can be prevented with special medication (e.g. clopidogrel or ticagrelor). Our research is aiming to identify a reason for the frequently occurring, less than expected response to medications designed to suppress increased blood clotting. We are focusing on platelets (little blood particles) because the starting point for blood clot formation is platelet aggregation, or platelet “clumping”. We have recently demonstrated that highly tuned regulation of platelet activity is compromised in patients with cardiovascular diseases. We are trying to work out what is going wrong with this regulation and how it could be restored. Our research will provide us with the insight into how to improve platelet regulation.
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Research Projects
Yuliy’s work interfaces basic research (“bench-side”) with extensive clinical access (“bed-side”). He has been directing projects investigating the interactions between cyclic nucleotide signalling pathways and oxidative stress in cardiovascular disease states.
Together with PhD and Honours students under his supervision, he has discovered and documented the phenomena of platelet “NO resistance” (nitric oxide, NO) and impaired cAMP signalling occurring in patients with ischaemic heart disease, and associated with thrombosis.
Dr Yuliy CHIRKOV is currently a Principal Medical Scientist (MeS-4), at The Queen Elizabeth Hospital (Central Adelaide Local Health Network, SA Health), and Senior Lecturer at The University of Adelaide. He has 110 career publications and a current H-index of 25.
Contributions to the field of Research:
Dr Chirkov has made a number of contributions to cardiovascular disease physiology and therapeutics. He studied the interactions of nitric oxide donors (e.g. nitroglycerine, sodium nitroprusside, S-nitrosothiols, etc.) with platelet aggregation. He has provided the first description of nitrate tolerance at the level of platelet aggregation in human subjects. He has documented the phenomenon of platelet nitrate/nitric oxide resistance in patients with cardiovascular diseases (stable angina, acute coronary syndromes, vasospastic angina, aortic stenosis, diabetes mellitus and congestive heart failure), with articles published in high-impact cardiac journals. He has shown that nitric oxide resistance can be ameliorated pharmacologically, with ACE-inhibitors, perhexiline and statins.
He studied the modulatory effects of angiotensin-(1-7) and angiotensin II on platelet aggregation and platelet responsiveness to nitric oxide. He has shown that angiotensin II exacerbates platelet aggregation, while angiotensin-(1-7) potentiates the anti-aggregatory action of the NO donors, and may therefore counteract platelet NO resistance. This finding also suggested an additional mechanism for the clinical effects of ACE-inhibitor therapy.
Recent research project was aimed on the circumvention of nitric oxide resistance with alternative, nitric oxide independent, stimulators of soluble guanylate cyclase, such as nitroxyl donors and direct activators of oxidised and haem-deficient guanylate cyclase (BAY 41-2272 and BAY 58-2667).
He is currently investigating a clinical phenomenon of “clopidogrel resistance”. It appears that impairment in cyclic nucleotide signalling contributes to the pathophysiological mechanism of this condition. Because the effects of ADP receptor antagonists such as clopidogrel and ticagrelor at the level of the P2Y12 receptor are coupled with changes in activity of AC, impaired response to PGE1 might imply both increased thrombotic risk and a reduced efficacy of anti-aggregatory drugs. Accordingly, patient response to treatment with clopidogrel is determined not only by variability of clopidogrel bio-activation, but also extensively by the integrity of platelet AC signalling.
Quality of research output:
Numerous publications in top-ranked cardiology journals. Editorials and invited reviews in Circulation, Thromb Haemost, Pharmacol Ther, J Am Heart Assoc, Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther, Am J Cardiovasc Dis, Curr Opin Cardiol.
International standing:
- International research collaboration: Since 1998, Dr Chirkov participated in a cooperative research project with Prof M.P. Frenneaux in UK (University of Wales Medical Centre, Cardiff; University of Birmingham; University of Aberdeen) related to investigation of endothelial-platelet dysfunction in heart failure and diabetes. Also, the investigation of the “Tako-tsubo” syndrome and effects of nitrite on blood vessels and platelets in cardiac patients.
- International conferences: Since 1991, a total of 73 papers were presented at major international cardiac congresses held by World Heart Federation, American Heart Association and European Society of Cardiology. 18 papers were presented in the last 5 years
Publications
Over the past 5 years, Dr Chirkov had 17 publications in peer-reviewed journals.
Top 5 publications in the last 5 years:
- Liu S et al. Suppression of neutrophil superoxide generation by BNP is attenuated in acute heart failure: a case for 'BNP resistance'. Eur J Heart Fail. 2015 Feb 11. This publication provided the first evidence of diminished responsiveness to the anti-inflammatory effects of BNP in patients with acute heart failure, which may account for the failure of nesiritide in the ASCEND-HF trial to reduce the rate of death and re-hospitalization.
- Nooney VB et al. Post receptor determinants of acute platelet response to clopidogrel in patients with symptomatic myocardial ischemia. Vascul Pharmacol. 2015;65-66:17-22. Since adenylate cyclase (AC) and sGC pathways are variably impaired in ischaemic heart disease, we tested the relevance of these determinants to platelet response to clopidogrel. While genetically impaired bio-activation markedly limited acute clopidogrel response, impaired AC signalling provided an additional cause for clopidogrel resistance.
- Hurst NL et al. Determinants of subacute response to clopidogrel: relative impact of CYP2C19 genotype and PGE1/adenylate cyclase signalling. Thromb Res. 2015;136(2):308-14. A potential basis for clopidogrel resistance extends beyond impaired bioactivation. Pre-clopidogrel PGE1 platelet response predicted clopidogrel response at 7 days. This was a stronger multivariate associate of response than bio-activator genotype.
- Procter NE et al. New Developments in Platelet Cyclic Nucleotide Signalling: Therapeutic Implications. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther. 2016;30(5):505-513. Because the effects of ADP receptor antagonists such as clopidogrel and ticagrelor at the level of the P2Y12 receptor are coupled with changes in activity of AC, impaired response to PGE1 might imply both increased thrombotic risk and a reduced efficacy of anti-aggregatory drugs. Accordingly, patient response to treatment with clopidogrel is determined not only by variability of clopidogrel bio-activation, but also extensively by the integrity of platelet AC signalling.
- Liu S., Chirkov Y.Y, Horowitz J.D. Neutrophil-initiated myocardial inflammation and its modulation by B-type natriuretic peptide: a potential therapeutic target. Internat J Molec Sci. 2018 Dec 31;20(1). pii: E129. Activation of neutrophils is a critically important component of the innate immune response to bacterial and chemical stimuli, and culminates in the "neutrophil burst", which facilitates neutrophil phagocytosis via the release of superoxide anion radical (O₂-) from NADPH oxidase. We have demonstrated that B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), acting via inhibition of activation of neutrophil NADPH oxidase, is an important negative modulator of the "neutrophil burst", though its effectiveness in limiting tissue injury is partially lost in acute heart failure. The potential therapeutic implications of these findings are discussed.
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Appointments
Date Position Institution name 2014 - ongoing Principal Medical Scientist Queen Elizabeth Hospital 2014 - ongoing Affiliate Senior Lecturer University of Adelaide 2009 - 2014 Senior Research Fellow/Senior Lecturer University of Adelaide 2001 - 2008 Senior Research Officer/Lecturer University of Adelaide -
Education
Date Institution name Country Title 1988 Institute of Medical Enzymology Russia Senior Scientist 1978 Moscow State University/Institute of Biological Physics Russia PhD 1972 Moscow State University Russia Bachelor of Science -
Research Interests
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Journals
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Books
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Book Chapters
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Conference Papers
Year Citation 2018 Imam, H., Nguyen, T. H., Tu, S., Tonnu, O., Chirkov, Y., & Horowitz, J. (2018). Pathogenesis of coronary artery spasm: a critical role for impaired platelet nitric oxide signaling. In EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL Vol. 39 (pp. 336). Munich, GERMANY: OXFORD UNIV PRESS. 2017 Imam, H., Nguyen, T. H., Tee, S. -L., Tonnu, O., Chirkov, Y. Y., & Horowitz, J. D. (2017). Impaired cGMP and cAMP signaling in patients with coronary vasospasm: changes during acute crises. In EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL Vol. 38 (pp. 794). OXFORD UNIV PRESS. 2017 Chong, C. -R., Imam, H., Sallustio, B., Chirkov, Y. Y., & Horowitz, J. D. (2017). Perhexiline enhances cGMP- and cAMP-signaling in diabetics independent of insulin sensitization and ACE inhibition. In EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL Vol. 38 (pp. 1143). OXFORD UNIV PRESS. 2010 Chan, W. P., Ngo, D. T., Rajendran, S., Heresztyn, T., Amarasekera, A., Sverdlov, A. L., . . . Horowitz, J. D. (2010). Implications of insulin sensitivity on inflammatory activation and atherogenic risk in normal and PCOS females. In EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL Vol. 31 (pp. 544). Stockholm, SWEDEN: OXFORD UNIV PRESS. 2006 Chirkov, Y. Y., Rajendran, S., Sverdlov, A. L., & Horowitz, J. D. (2006). Potentiation of platelet responsiveness to nitric oxide by angiotensin-(1-7) is mediated by its specific receptor and is associated with the suppression of superoxide release. In EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL Vol. 27 (pp. 128). Barcelona, SPAIN: OXFORD UNIV PRESS. 2006 Ngo, D. T., Wuttke, R. D., Stafford, I., Rosenkranz, A. R., Sverdlov, A. L., Chirkov, Y. Y., . . . Horowitz, J. D. (2006). Effects of vitamin D2 supplementation on aortic valvular and vascular endothelial functions in a rabbit model of aortic stenosis. In EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL Vol. 27 (pp. 127). Barcelona, SPAIN: OXFORD UNIV PRESS. 2003 Chirkov, Y. Y., Holmes, A. S., Chandy, S., & Horowitz, J. D. (2003). Aortic stenosis is associated with valvular endothelial dysfunction. In CIRCULATION Vol. 108 (pp. 431). ORLANDO, FLORIDA: LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS. -
Conference Items
Year Citation 2019 Nguyen, T. H., Liu, S., Imam, H., Heresztyn, T., Stafford, I., Chirkov, Y. Y., & Horowitz, J. D. (2019). Pathogenesis of symptomatic crises in patients with coronary artery spasm: evidence for acute damage to vascular glycocalyx and to circulating platelets. Poster session presented at the meeting of EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL. Paris, FRANCE: OXFORD UNIV PRESS. 2017 Imam, H., Nguyen, T. H., Chirkov, Y., De Caterina, R., & Horowitz, J. (2017). Adenylate cyclase signaling is an important post-receptor determinant of response to all P2Y12 receptor antagonists. Poster session presented at the meeting of European Heart Journal. Barcelona: Oxford University Press.
2016 Procter, N. E. K., Ball, J., Ngo, D. T. M., Chirkov, Y. Y., Stewart, S., & Horowitz, J. D. (2016). Platelet hypo-responsiveness to nitric oxide in new onset atrial fibrillation has a physiological, as opposed to pharmacological, basis. Poster session presented at the meeting of EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL. Rome, ITALY: OXFORD UNIV PRESS. 2015 Liu, S., Ngo, D. T., Chong, C. R., Chan, W. P., Horowitz, J. D., & Chirkov, Y. Y. (2015). Tachyphylaxis to the anti-inflammatory effects of BNP in acute heart failure:-potential response to therapy. Poster session presented at the meeting of EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HEART FAILURE. WILEY-BLACKWELL. 2014 Nooney, V. B., Chirkov, Y. Y., De Caterina, R., & Horowitz, J. D. (2014). Ticagrelor potentiates the anti-aggregatory effects of adenosine via A2 receptor stimulation. Poster session presented at the meeting of EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL. Barcelona, SPAIN: OXFORD UNIV PRESS. 2014 Procter, N. E. K., Ball, J., Ngo, D. T. M., Chirkov, Y. Y., Isenberg, J. S., Hylek, E. M., . . . Horowitz, J. D. (2014). Gender/tachycardia interactions in atrial fibrillation: impact upon platelet aggregation and nitric oxide signalling. Poster session presented at the meeting of EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL. Barcelona, SPAIN: OXFORD UNIV PRESS. 2014 Liu, S., Ngo, D., Chong, C. -R., Chirkov, Y., Stewart, S., & Horowitz, J. (2014). Mechanisms of BNP interactions with neutrophil superoxide release: attenuation in acute and chronic heart failure. Poster session presented at the meeting of Global Heart. 2013 Liu, S., Ngo, D., Chirkov, Y., Stewart, S., & Horowitz, J. (2013). Impaired B-type natriuretic peptide effets on neutrophil burst in heart failure patients. Poster session presented at the meeting of Abstracts of the American Heart Association 2013 Scientific Sessions and Resuscitation Science Symposium, as publshed in Circulation. Dallas, TX: American Heart Association. 2013 Amarasekera, A., Black, M., Jansen, F., Dymmott, G., Roberts, M., Chirkov, Y., . . . Ngo, D. (2013). Vitamin D supplementation in healthy adults lowers plasma Thrombospondin-1 levels: a novel vitamin D target?. Poster session presented at the meeting of Abstracts of the American Heart Association 2013 Scientific Sessions and Resuscitation Science Symposium, as publshed in Circulation. Dallas, TX: American Heart Association. 2013 Chong, C., Liu, S., Licari, G., Chirkov, Y., Ngo, D., & Horowitz, J. (2013). Reversal of acute hyperglycemia restores tissue responsiveness to nitric oxide and improves endothelial progenitor cell function without downregulating platelet thioredoxin interacting protein. Poster session presented at the meeting of Abstracts of the American Heart Association 2013 Scientific Sessions and Resuscitation Science Symposium, as publshed in Circulation. Dallas, TX: American Heart Association. 2013 Nguyen, T. H., Neil, C., Singh, K., Heresztyn, T., Chirkov, Y., & Horowitz, J. (2013). Determinants of prolonged impairment of global longitudinal strain post Takotsubo cardiomyopathy. Poster session presented at the meeting of Abstracts of the European Society of Cardiology Congress 2013 (ESC 2013), as published in European Heart Journal. Amsterdam, NETHERLANDS: Oxford University Press.
2013 Nooney, V. B., Hurst, N., Chirkov, Y. Y., & Horowitz, J. H. (2013). Acute effects of clopidogrel are predicted by integrity of prostacyclin signalling. Poster session presented at the meeting of EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL. Amsterdam, NETHERLANDS: OXFORD UNIV PRESS. 2012 Nguyen, T. H., Neil, A., Sverdlov, A., Ngo, D., Chan, W., Chirkov, Y., . . . Horowitz, J. (2012). Paradoxical preservation of NO signalling in Takotsubo cardiomyopathy. Poster session presented at the meeting of EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL. Munchen, GERMANY: OXFORD UNIV PRESS. 2012 Procter, N. E. K., Ball, J., Carrington, M., Nguyen, T. H., Ngo, D., Chirkov, Y. Y., . . . Horowitz, J. D. (2012). Determinants of platelet response to nitric oxide in association with atrial fibrillation: evidence for an acute suppression of response. Poster session presented at the meeting of EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL. Munchen, GERMANY: OXFORD UNIV PRESS. 2012 Liu, S., Ngo, D. T., Chirkov, Y. Y., Sheikh, A. R., Licari, G., Stewart, S., & Horowitz, J. D. (2012). Brain Natriuretic Peptide (BNP) Suppresses Neutrophil Superoxide Release: Attenuation in Patients with Congestive Heart Failure (CHF). Poster session presented at the meeting of CIRCULATION. LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS. 2012 Bullen, M. L., Miller, A. A., Drummond, G. R., Sobey, C. G., Stasch, J. -P., Chirkov, Y. Y., . . . Kemp-Harper, B. K. (2012). Nitric Oxide-Independent Stimulators of Soluble Guanylyl Cyclase Circumvent Platelet Nitric Oxide Resistance in Hypercholesterolemic Mice. Poster session presented at the meeting of CIRCULATION. LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS. 2011 Sverdlov, A. L., Ngo, D. T. M., Chirkov, Y. Y., & Horowitz, J. D. (2011). Insights into the initiation of aortic stenosis: roles of ACE-inhibitors and vitamin D. Poster session presented at the meeting of EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL. OXFORD UNIV PRESS. 2011 Chan, W. P. A., Sverdlov, A. L., Ngo, D. T., Chirkov, Y. Y., & Horowitz, J. D. (2011). Does oral contraceptive therapy induce platelet nitric oxide resistance?. Poster session presented at the meeting of EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL. OXFORD UNIV PRESS. 2011 Sverdlov, A. L., Ngo, D. T. M., Chirkov, Y. Y., & Horowitz, J. D. (2011). Insights into the initiation of aortic stenosis: roles of ACE-inhibitors and vitamin D. Poster session presented at the meeting of AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE. AMER THORACIC SOC. 2008 Chirkov, Y. Y., De Sciscio, M., Sverdlov, A. L., Leslie, S., & Horowitz, J. D. (2008). Is there a pharmacological hydralazine/nitrate interaction in chronic heart failure?. Poster session presented at the meeting of Abstracts of ESC Congress 2008, as published in European Heart Journal. Munich, Germany: Oxford University Press.
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Grants and Funding
Date | Funding Body | Funding Title |
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2017-2019 | NHMRC | "Therapeutic approaches to circumvent nitric oxide resistance in the type II diabeticheart and vasculature: Myocardial relaxation in response to NO donors" |
2009-2014 | The Queen Elizabeth Hospital | TQEH vascular disease and therapeutics research group: towards improved outcomes for vascular disease |
2007-2008 | National Heart Foundation of Australia | Modulation of myocardial metabolism in heart failure: implications regarding inflammation, vascular, platelet and myocardial function |
2004-2005 |
National Heart Foundation of Australia
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Mechanisms of therapeutic effect of perhexiline in severe myocardial ischaemia
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2002-2002 | NHMRC |
Berthold Model LB953 Autolumat Plus tube luminometer
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Dr Chirkov was responsible for training of both undergraduate and postgraduate students, a total of 29, in the role of lecturer and research supervisor. In the last 5 years, he supervised 7 PhD students.
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Current Higher Degree by Research Supervision (University of Adelaide)
Date Role Research Topic Program Degree Type Student Load Student Name 2022 Co-Supervisor Investigating cardiovascular complications of diabetes Doctor of Philosophy Doctorate Full Time Mr Getandale Zeleke Negera -
Past Higher Degree by Research Supervision (University of Adelaide)
Date Role Research Topic Program Degree Type Student Load Student Name 2015 - 2018 Co-Supervisor Inter-Individual Variability in Platelet Adenylate and Soluble Guanylate Cyclase Signaling: Therapeutic Perspectives Doctor of Philosophy Doctorate Full Time Mr Md Hasan Imam 2015 - 2022 Co-Supervisor Takotsubo Syndrome: Precipitants, Clinical Course and Emerging Treatments Doctor of Philosophy Doctorate Part Time Mr Gao Jing Ong 2014 - 2019 Co-Supervisor Nitrosative Stress and the Pathogenesis of Takotsubo Syndrome: Insights from a Novel Female Rat Model Doctor of Philosophy Doctorate Full Time Mr Sven Yuri Surikow 2012 - 2015 Co-Supervisor Natural History and Pathogenesis of Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy Doctor of Philosophy Doctorate Full Time Dr Kuljit Singh 2011 - 2015 Co-Supervisor Effects of Nitrite and Nitroxyl on Human Vascular and Platelet Function Doctor of Philosophy Doctorate Full Time Dr Rustem Dautov 2011 - 2016 Co-Supervisor Post-P2Y 12-Receptor Signalling Mechanisms and Platelet Responses to Clopidogrel Doctor of Philosophy Doctorate Full Time Dr Nicola Hurst 2010 - 2015 Co-Supervisor Variability of Nitric Oxide Signalling in Atrial Fibrillation: Potential Modulation Doctor of Philosophy Doctorate Part Time Mr Nathan Edward Kevin Procter 2010 - 2015 Co-Supervisor Impaired Tissue Responsiveness to B-Type Natriuretic Peptide in Heart Failure: Biochemical Bases Doctor of Philosophy Doctorate Full Time Dr Saifei Liu 2009 - 2012 Co-Supervisor Pathogenesis of Aortic Stenosis: Implications Regarding Impairment of Nitric Oxide Signalling Doctor of Philosophy Doctorate Full Time Dr Aaron Sverdlov 2009 - 2013 Co-Supervisor Cardiovascular Risk Assessment in Women: Impact of Ageing, Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome and Menopause on Nitric Oxide Signalling Doctor of Philosophy Doctorate Full Time Dr Alicia Chan 2005 - 2009 Co-Supervisor Platelet and Endothelial Function: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and the Renin-Angiotensin System Doctor of Philosophy Doctorate Full Time Dr Sharmalar Rajendran 1998 - 2003 Co-Supervisor Pathophysiological and platelet anti-aggregatory effects of nitric oxide Doctor of Philosophy Doctorate Full Time Dr Andrew Holmes
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Committee Memberships
Date Role Committee Institution Country 2009 - ongoing Member QEH Research Day Conference Organising Committee Queen Elizabeth Hospital Australia -
Review, Assessment, Editorial and Advice
Date Title Type Institution Country 2003 - ongoing Assessor Grant Assessment National Health and Medical Research Council Australia 2003 - ongoing Peer reviewer in the area of cardiovascular research (physiology and biochemistry) Journal Review "Heart, Lung and Circulation", "Cardiovascular Research", "Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy", "Nitric Oxide" and "Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology" -
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