Toby Freeman

Research Interests

Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Health Promotion Population Health Primary Health Care Public Health Public Policy Climate change impacts and adaptation Social determinants of health

APrf Toby Freeman

NHMRC Grant-Funded Research Associate Professor

School of Public Health

College of Health

Eligible to supervise Masters and PhD - email supervisor to discuss availability.

I am an Associate Professor at Stretton Health Equity in the School of Public Health. My core research interest is how to redress growing health inequities. My areas of research include social and commercial determinants of health, climate change, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health, healthy public policy, and primary health care.I was previously a Senior Research Fellow and Deputy Director at the Southgate Institute for Health, Society, and Equity at Flinders University, and a policy officer at the South Australian Council of Social Service.

My interests are around policy engaged research on health and social inequities, particularly around climate change, commercial determinants of health, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health inequities, health equity in public policy, and comprehensive primary health care.

Date Position Institution name
2022 - ongoing Associate Professor University of Adelaide
2021 - 2022 Policy Officer South Australian Council of Social Service
2009 - 2021 Senior Research Fellow and Deputy Director Flinders University
2002 - 2009 Research Officer Flinders University

Date Institution name Country Title
2007 Flinders University Australia PhD
Flinders University Australia BPsyc(Hons)

Year Citation
2026 van Eyk, H., Freeman, T., Musolino, C., Fry, D., McDougall, C., McBride, T., . . . Baum, F. (2026). Australian Community Health and Primary Health Care Policies from 1970s to 2020s: A Policy Analysis of Changing Interpretations. International Journal of Social Determinants of Health and Health Services, 1-14.
DOI
2026 van den Berg, M., Aboustate, N., Freeman, T., Jureidini, J., & Baum, F. (2026). Insecure employment and the social determinants of suicide: a narrative synthesis review. Globalization and Health, 22(1), 13 pages.
DOI
2026 Anaf, J., Baum, F., & Freeman, T. (2026). Privatized employment services in Australia: addressing social, health, and equity impacts for health promotion. Health Promotion International, 41(1), daag005-1-daag005-13.
DOI
2026 Baum, F., Litherland-De Lara, J., Anaf, J., Freeman, T., Musolino, C., & van den Berg, M. (2026). Marxist concepts of alienation in relation to health: a narrative review of the evidence. Health Promotion International, 41(1), daag017-1-daag017-11.
DOI
2026 Baum, F., Fry, D., Musolino, C., Freeman, T., Lewis, V., Macmillan, J., & MacDougall, C. (2026). Medicare Without a Strong Community Health Sector Is a Loss to the Australian Health System. Journal of Australian Studies, 50(1), 7-30.
DOI
2026 Kotarba-Morley, A., Westra, S., Andrews, G., Bardsley, D., Braum, F., Bi, P., . . . Ariella, H. (2026). Evaluative governance for climate action in Australia. Nature Sustainability, 1-3.
DOI
2025 Freeman, T., Foley, K., Anaf, J., Nosworthy, B., & Baum, F. (2025). A systematic-narrative hybrid review of evidence: Exploring how corporate social responsibility initiatives impact population health. Health, 29(6), 1-21.
DOI Scopus4 WoS3 Europe PMC1
2025 Baum, F., Anaf, J., Freeman, T., Musolino, C., van den Berg, M., Friel, S., & Schram, A. (2025). Twenty-first century alienation and health: a research agenda. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 79(7), 481-483.
DOI Scopus2 WoS2 Europe PMC1
2025 Musolino, C., Baum, F., Flavel, J., Freeman, T., McKee, M., Chi, C., . . . Villar, E. (2025). Caring During COVID-19: A Study of Intersectionality and Inequities in the Care Economy in 16 Countries. International Journal of Social Determinants of Health and Health Services, 55(1), 16-32.
DOI
2025 Windle, A., Javanparast, S., Freeman, T., & Baum, F. (2025). Use of evidence to inform regional primary health care planning in Australia.. Health Res Policy Syst, 23(1), 31.
DOI Scopus3 WoS3 Europe PMC1
2025 Mackean, T., Freeman, T., Musolino, C., Fry, D., MacDougall, C., Lewis, V., & Baum, F. (2025). Leading the way: the contribution of Aboriginal community controlled health organisations to community health in Australia. Australian Journal of Primary Health, 31(3), PY24223-1-PY24223-10.
DOI Scopus3 WoS3 Europe PMC1
2025 Baum, F., Anaf, J., Freeman, T., Musolino, C., Friel, S., Schram, A., & van den Berg, M. (2025). Alienation and its relevance to public health: response to commentaries by Muntaner et al and Dawson. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 79(7), 479-480.
DOI
2025 Freeman, T., Gesesew, H. A., Bambra, C., Brown, H., Ullah, S., Popay, J., & Baum, F. (2025). What is the Association Between Economic Growth and Health Equity? A Cross-National Study of 83 Low- and Middle-income Countries. International Journal of Social Determinants of Health and Health Services, 55(4), 376-387.
DOI Scopus1 WoS1
2025 Baum, F., & Freeman, T. (2025). Actions required to reduce rising health inequities in Australia.. Lancet Public Health, 10(7), e544-e545.
DOI Scopus1 WoS1
2025 Mackean, T. J., O'Donnell, K., Sherwood, J., D'Angelo, S., Shakespeare, M., Wellington, C., . . . Baum Ao, F. (2025). Decolonising primary health care practice: a definition and its importance. Medical Journal of Australia, 223(1), 9-12.
DOI Scopus3 WoS3 Europe PMC1
2025 Anaf, J., Freeman, T., & Baum, F. (2025). Outsourcing Policy-Related Functions in Australia: Health and Equity Impacts. International Journal of Social Determinants of Health and Health Services, 55(4), 428-440.
DOI
2025 Baum, F., Musolino, C., Freeman, T., Fry, D., Laris, P., Lewis, V., . . . McBride, T. (2025). Social movements and the Whitlam-initiated community health movement in Australia. Australian Journal of Primary Health, 31(5), 13 pages.
DOI Scopus1 WoS1
2024 Musolino, C., Freeman, T., Flavel, J., & Baum, F. (2024). Non-government advocacy for health equity: evidence from Australia. Health Promotion International, 39(6), daae148-1-daae148-12.
DOI Scopus6 WoS5 Europe PMC4
2024 Baum, F., Musolino, C., Freeman, T., Flavel, J., Ceukelaire, W. D., Chi, C., . . . Villar, E. (2024). Thinking politically about intersectoral action: Ideas, Interests and Institutions shaping political dimensions of governing during COVID-19. Health policy and planning, 39(S2), i75-i92.
DOI Scopus4 WoS4 Europe PMC5
2024 Freeman, T., Mackean, T., Sherwood, J., Ziersch, A., O'Donnell, K., Dwyer, J., . . . Baum, F. (2024). The Benefits of Cooperative Inquiry in Health Services Research: Lessons from an Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Study. International Journal of Social Determinants of Health and Health Services, 54(2), 171-182.
DOI Scopus3 WoS2 Europe PMC1
2024 Anaf, J., Freeman, T., & Baum, F. (2024). Privatisation of government services in Australia: what is known about health and equity impacts. Globalization and Health, 20(1), 32-1-32-12.
DOI Scopus10 WoS9 Europe PMC4
2024 Flavel, J., Freeman, T., Musolino, C., & Baum, F. (2024). Health promotion and the need to accelerate advocacy for health equity. Health Promotion International, 39(3), daae040-1-daae040-4.
DOI Scopus10 WoS9 Europe PMC6
2024 Foley, K., Freeman, T., Wood, L., Flavel, J., Parry, Y., & Baum, F. (2024). Logic modelling as hermeneutic praxis: Bringing knowledge systems into view during comprehensive primary health care planning for homelessness in Australia. Health, 28(5), 673-697.
DOI Scopus2 WoS2 Europe PMC2
2024 D’Angelo, S., Fisher, M., Mackean, T., O’Donnell, K., Dwyer, J., Sherwood, J., . . . Baum, F. (2024). Next Steps in Decolonising Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Primary Health Care Policy in Australia: An Analysis of Key Stakeholder Views. International Indigenous Policy Journal, 15(3), 1-23.
DOI Scopus1
2023 Windle, A., Javanparast, S., Freeman, T., & Baum, F. (2023). Factors that influence evidence-informed meso-level regional primary health care planning: a qualitative examination and conceptual framework. Health Research Policy and Systems, 21(99), 1-13.
DOI Scopus12 WoS12 Europe PMC6
2023 Flavel, J., Wood, L., Freeman, T., Vallesi, S., Foley, K., Parry, Y., & Baum, F. (2023). Counting homelessness: Working creatively to generate complex descriptive profiles of the health and demographics of people experiencing homelessness in Adelaide. Australian Journal of Social Issues, 58(3), 669-684.
DOI Scopus4 WoS5
2023 Fisher, M., Harris, P., Freeman, T., George, E., & Baum, F. (2023). Universal and Targeted Policy for Health Equity in the
Neoliberal Era : A Response to the Recent Commentaries. International Journal of Health Policy and Management, 12(1), 7998-1-7998-2.
DOI Scopus1 WoS1
2023 Freeman, T., Baum, F., Musolino, C., Flavel, J., McKee, M., Chi, C., . . . Villar, E. (2023). Illustrating the impact of commercial determinants of health on the global COVID-19 pandemic: Thematic analysis of 16 country case studies. Health Policy, 134, 104860-1-104860-11.
DOI Scopus12 WoS10 Europe PMC9
2023 Anderson, P., Davis, M., Freeman, T., & Baum, F. (2023). A constitutional Voice in parliament would improve the health of Aboriginal Australians. BMJ: British Medical Journal, 382, 1828-1-1828-2.
DOI Scopus3 WoS2 Europe PMC1
2023 Windle, A., Javanparast, S., Freeman, T., & Baum, F. (2023). Evaluating local primary health care actions to address health inequities: analysis of Australia's Primary Health Networks. International Journal for Equity in Health, 22(1), 243-1-243-13.
DOI Scopus11 WoS8 Europe PMC6
2022 Baum, F., Dollard, M., Fisher, M., Freeman, T., & Newman, L. (2022). The Corporate University and its Impact on Health in Australia*. SOCIAL ALTERNATIVES, 41(1), 52-62.
WoS10
2022 Schram, A., Townsend, B., Mackean, T., Freeman, T., Fisher, M., Harris, P., . . . Friel, S. (2022). Promoting action on structural drivers of health inequity: principles for policy evaluation. Evidence and Policy: a journal of research, debate and practice, 18(4), 761-775.
DOI Scopus4 WoS4
2022 Musolino, C., van Eyk, H., Freeman, T., Fisher, M., MacDougall, C., Williams, C., & Baum, F. (2022). Reviving health promotion in South Australia: The role of ideas, actors and institutional forces. Health Promotion International, 37(6), 1-12.
DOI Scopus2 WoS2 Europe PMC2
2022 Freeman, T., Townsend, B., Mackean, T., Musolino, C., Friel, S., McDermott, D., & Baum, F. (2022). Why are Indigenous Affairs Policies Framed in ways that Undermine Indigenous Health and Equity? Examining Australia’s Northern Territory Emergency Response. International Indigenous Policy Journal, 13(2), 1-21.
DOI Scopus2 WoS2
2022 Flavel, J., McKee, M., Tesfay, F. H., Musolino, C., Freeman, T., van Eyk, H., & Baum, F. (2022). Explaining health inequalities in Australia: the contribution of income, wealth and employment. Australian Journal of Primary Health, 28(6), 474-481.
DOI Scopus25 WoS22 Europe PMC12
2022 Freeman, T., Townsend, B., Mackean, T., Musolino, C., Friel, S., & Baum, F. (2022). Advancing Indigenous self-determination and health equity: Lessons from a failed Australian public policy. SSM - Qualitative Research in Health, 2, 100117-1-100117-10.
DOI Scopus4 WoS3
2022 Flavel, J., Musolino, C., & Freeman, T. (2022). The need for improved Australian data on social determinants of health inequities. Medical Journal of Australia, 217(6), 325.
DOI Europe PMC2
2022 Fisher, M., Freeman, T., Mackean, T., Friel, S., & Baum, F. (2022). Universal Health Coverage for Health Equity: From Principle to Practice; A Response to the Recent Commentaries. International Journal of Health Policy and Management, 11(8), 1601-1603.
DOI Scopus7 WoS6 Europe PMC7
2022 Flavel, J., McKee, M., Freeman, T., Musolino, C., Van Eyk, H., Tesfay, F. H., & Baum, F. (2022). The need for improved Australian data on social determinants of health inequities. Medical Journal of Australia, 216(8), 388-391.
DOI Scopus18 WoS16 Europe PMC13
2022 Roesler, A., Musolino, C., Eyk, H., Flavel, J., Freeman, T., Fisher, M., . . . Baum, F. (2022). Conducting a rapid health promotion audit in suburban Adelaide, South Australia: Can it contribute to revitalising health promotion?. Health Promotion Journal of Australia, 33(2), 488-498.
DOI Scopus5 WoS5 Europe PMC4
2022 Freeman, T., Fisher, M., Foley, K., Boyd, M. A., Ward, P. R., McMichael, G., . . . Dekker, G. (2022). Barriers to digital health services among people living in areas of socioeconomic disadvantage: Research from hospital diabetes and antenatal clinics.. Health Promot J Austr, 33(3), 751-757.
DOI Scopus13 WoS6 Europe PMC5
2022 Fisher, M., Harris, P., Freeman, T., Mackean, T., George, E., Friel, S., & Baum, F. (2022). Implementing universal and targeted policies for health equity: lessons from Australia. International Journal of Health Policy and Management, 11(10), 2308-2318.
DOI Scopus39 WoS36 Europe PMC26
2022 Javanparast, S., Baum, F., Ziersch, A., & Freeman, T. (2022). A Framework to Determine the Extent to Which Regional Primary Healthcare Organisations Are Comprehensive or Selective in Their Approach. International Journal of Health Policy and Management, 11(4), 479-488.
DOI Scopus6 WoS3 Europe PMC2
2021 Friel, S., Townsend, B., Fisher, M., Harris, P., Freeman, T., & Baum, F. (2021). Power and the people's health. Social Science and Medicine, 282, 12 pages.
DOI Scopus79 WoS73 Europe PMC46
2021 Windle, A., Javanparast, S., Freeman, T., & Baum, F. (2021). Assessing organisational capacity for evidence-informed health policy and planning: an adaptation of the ORACLe tool for Australian primary health care organizations. Health Research Policy and Systems, 19(1), 25-1-25-11.
DOI Scopus4 WoS4 Europe PMC4
2021 Baum, F., Freeman, T., Musolino, C., Abramovitz, M., De Ceukelaire, W., Flavel, J., . . . Villar, E. (2021). Explaining covid-19 performance: What factors might predict national responses?. BMJ, 372, 4 pages.
DOI Scopus93 WoS73 Europe PMC54
2021 Neadley, K. E., McMichael, G., Freeman, T., Browne-Yung, K., Baum, F., Pretorius, E., . . . Boyd, M. A. (2021). Capturing the social determinants of health at the individual level: a pilot study.. Public Health Research & Practice, 31(2), e30232008-1-e30232008-7.
DOI Scopus20 WoS20 Europe PMC15
2021 Freeman, T., Baum, F., Javanparast, S., Ziersch, A., Mackean, T., & Windle, A. (2021). Challenges facing primary health care in federated government systems: Implementation of Primary Health Networks in Australian states and territories. Health Policy, 125(4), 495-503.
DOI Scopus16 WoS16 Europe PMC11
2021 Baum, F., & Freeman, T. (2021). Why Community Health Systems Have Not Flourished in High Income Countries: What the Australian Experience Tells Us. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEALTH POLICY AND MANAGEMENT, 11(1), 49-58.
DOI Scopus22 WoS18 Europe PMC14
2021 Browne–Yung, K., Ziersch, A., Friel, S., Freeman, T., & Baum, F. (2021). Deindustrialising economies, plant closures and affected communities: Identifying potential pathways to health inequities. Health Promotion Journal of Australia, 33(3), 5 pages.
DOI Scopus2 WoS2
2021 Freeman, T., Baum, F., Javanparast, S., Labonté, R., Lawless, A., & Barton, E. (2021). The contribution of group work to the goals of comprehensive primary health care. Health Promotion Journal of Australia, 32(1), 126-136.
DOI Scopus8 WoS5 Europe PMC4
2021 Foley, K., Freeman, T., Ward, P., Lawler, A., Osborne, R., & Fisher, M. (2021). Exploring access to, use of and benefits from population-oriented digital health services in Australia. Health Promotion International, 36(4), 1105-1115.
DOI Scopus40 WoS34 Europe PMC30
2020 Freeman, T., Gesesew, H. A., Bambra, C., Giugliani, E. R. J., Popay, J., Sanders, D., . . . Baum, F. (2020). Why do some countries do better or worse in life expectancy relative to income? An analysis of Brazil, Ethiopia, and the United States of America. International Journal for Equity in Health, 19(1), 19 pages.
DOI Scopus76 WoS65 Europe PMC50
2020 Baum, F., Townsend, B., Fisher, M., Browne-Yung, K., Freeman, T., Ziersch, A., . . . Friel, S. (2020). Creating Political Will for Action on Health Equity: Practical Lessons for Public Health Policy Actors. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEALTH POLICY AND MANAGEMENT, 11(7), 14 pages.
DOI Scopus53 WoS46 Europe PMC39
2020 Fisher, I. M., Freeman, T., Mackean, T., Friel, S., & Baum, F. (2020). Universal Health Coverage for Non-communicable Diseases and Health Equity: Lessons From Australian Primary Healthcare. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEALTH POLICY AND MANAGEMENT, 11(5), 11 pages.
DOI Scopus44 WoS38 Europe PMC36
2020 Townsend, B., Friel, S., Freeman, T., Schram, A., Strazdins, L., Labonte, R., . . . Baum, F. (2020). Advancing a health equity agenda across multiple policy domains: A qualitative policy analysis of social, trade and welfare policy. BMJ Open, 10(11), 9 pages.
DOI Scopus18 WoS16 Europe PMC13
2020 Musolino, C., Baum, F., Freeman, T., Labonté, R., Bodini, C., & Sanders, D. (2020). Global health activists' lessons on building social movements for Health for All. International Journal for Equity in Health, 19(1), 14 pages.
DOI Scopus32 WoS26 Europe PMC16
2020 Ziersch, A., Freeman, T., Javanparast, S., Mackean, T., & Baum, F. (2020). Regional primary health care organisations and migrant and refugee health: the importance of prioritisation, funding, collaboration and engagement. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health, 44(2), 152-159.
DOI Scopus16 WoS15 Europe PMC13
2020 Baum, F., Ziersch, A., Freeman, T., Javanparast, S., Henderson, J., & Mackean, T. (2020). Strife of Interests: Constraints on integrated and co-ordinated comprehensive PHC in Australia. Social Science and Medicine, 248(112824), 9 pages.
DOI Scopus17 WoS15 Europe PMC14
2020 Fisher, M., Freeman, T., Schram, A., Baum, F., & Friel, S. (2020). Implementing policy on next-generation broadband networks and implications for equity of access to high speed broadband: A case study of Australia's NBN. Telecommunications Policy, 44(7), 14 pages.
DOI Scopus13 WoS13
2019 Freeman, T., Baum, F., Mackean, T., Ziersch, A., Sherwood, J., Edwards, T., & Boffa, J. (2019). Case study of a decolonising Aboriginal community controlled comprehensive primary health care response to alcohol-related harm. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health, 43(6), 532-537.
DOI Scopus11 WoS9 Europe PMC8
2019 Browne-Yung, K., Freeman, T., Battersby, M., McEvoy, D. R., & Baum, F. (2019). Developing a screening tool to recognise social determinants of health in Australian clinical settings. Public Health Research and Practice, 29(4), 1-6.
DOI Scopus20 WoS17 Europe PMC16
2019 Barton, E., Freeman, T., Baum, F., Javanparast, S., & Lawless, A. (2019). The feasibility and potential use of case-tracked client journeys in primary healthcare: A pilot study. BMJ Open, 9(5), 12 pages.
DOI Scopus9 WoS8 Europe PMC8
2019 Henderson, J., Javanparast, S., Baum, F., Freeman, T., Fuller, J., Ziersch, A., & Mackean, T. (2019). Interagency collaboration in primary mental health care: Lessons from the Partners in Recovery program. International Journal of Mental Health Systems, 13(1), 10 pages.
DOI Scopus12 WoS8 Europe PMC6
2019 Javanparast, S., Baum, F., Freeman, T., Ziersch, A., Henderson, J., & Mackean, T. (2019). Collaborative population health planning between Australian primary health care organisations and local government: lost opportunity. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health, 43(1), 68-74.
DOI Scopus23 WoS23 Europe PMC16
2019 Henderson, J., Javanparast, S., Baum, F., Freeman, T., Ziersch, A., Mackean, T., & Fuller, J. (2019). The governance of primary mental health planning by Primary Health Networks. Australian Journal of Social Issues, 54(3), 267-284.
DOI Scopus6 WoS5
2019 Freeman, T., Fisher, M., Baum, F., & Friel, S. (2019). Healthy infrastructure: Australian National Broadband Network policy implementation and its importance to health equity. Information Communication and Society, 22(10), 1414-1431.
DOI Scopus13 WoS13
2019 Baugh Littlejohns, L., Baum, F., Lawless, A., & Freeman, T. (2019). Disappearing health system building blocks in the health promotion policy context in South Australia (2003–2013). Critical Public Health, 29(2), 228-240.
DOI Scopus10 WoS10
2018 Schram, A., Friel, S., Freeman, T., Fisher, M., Baum, F., & Harris, P. (2018). Digital Infrastructure as a Determinant of Health Equity: An Australian Case Study of the Implementation of the National Broadband Network. Australian Journal of Public Administration, 77(4), 829-842.
DOI Scopus26 WoS24
2018 Windle, A., Fisher, I., Freeman, T., Baum, F., Javanparast, S., Kay, A., & Kidd, M. (2018). Increased private health fund involvement in Australia's primary health care: Implications for health equity. Australian Journal of Social Issues, 53(4), 338-354.
DOI Scopus9 WoS7
2018 Javanparast, S., Windle, A., Freeman, T., & Baum, F. (2018). Community health worker programs to improve healthcare access and equity: Are they only relevant to low-and middle-income countries?. International Journal of Health Policy and Management, 7(10), 943-954.
DOI Scopus117 WoS107 Europe PMC87
2018 Baugh Littlejohns, L., Baum, F., Lawless, A., & Freeman, T. (2018). The value of a causal loop diagram in exploring the complex interplay of factors that influence health promotion in a multisectoral health system in Australia. Health Research Policy and Systems, 16(1), 12 pages.
DOI Scopus105 WoS93 Europe PMC65
2018 Lee, J., Schram, A., Riley, E., Harris, P., Baum, F., Fisher, I. M., . . . Friel, S. (2018). Addressing health equity through action on the social determinants of health: A global review of policy outcome evaluation methods. International Journal of Health Policy and Management, 7(7), 581-592.
DOI Scopus32 WoS25 Europe PMC20
2018 Freeman, T., Javanparast, S., Baum, F., Ziersch, A., & Mackean, T. (2018). A framework for regional primary health care to organise actions to address health inequities. International Journal of Public Health, 63(5), 567-575.
DOI Scopus14 WoS13 Europe PMC12
2018 Javanparast, S., Freeman, T., Baum, F., Labonté, R., Ziersch, A., Mackean, T., . . . Sanders, D. (2018). How institutional forces, ideas and actors shaped population health planning in Australian regional primary health care organisations. BMC Public Health, 18(1), 16 pages.
DOI Scopus23 WoS20 Europe PMC13
2018 Bentley, M., Freeman, T., Baum, F., & Javanparast, S. (2018). Interprofessional teamwork in comprehensive primary healthcare services: Findings from a mixed methods study. Journal of Interprofessional Care, 32(3), 274-283.
DOI Scopus36 WoS26 Europe PMC18
2018 Baum, F., Popay, J., Delany-Crowe, T., Freeman, T., Musolino, C., Alvarez-Dardet, C., . . . Sanders, D. (2018). Punching above their weight: A network to understand broader determinants of increasing life expectancy. International Journal for Equity in Health, 17(1), 5 pages.
DOI Scopus17 WoS14 Europe PMC13
2018 Javanparast, S., Maddern, J., Baum, F., Freeman, T., Lawless, A., Labonté, R., & Sanders, D. (2018). Change management in an environment of ongoing primary health care system reform: A case study of Australian primary health care services. International Journal of Health Planning and Management, 33(1), e76-e88.
DOI Scopus18 WoS15 Europe PMC9
2018 Freeman, T., Baum, F., Labonté, R., Javanparast, S., & Lawless, A. (2018). Primary health care reform, dilemmatic space and risk of burnout among health workers. Health (United Kingdom), 22(3), 277-297.
DOI Scopus7 WoS7 Europe PMC6
2018 Henderson, J., Javanparast, S., MacKean, T., Freeman, T., Baum, F., & Ziersch, A. (2018). Commissioning and equity in primary care in Australia: Views from Primary Health Networks. Health and Social Care in the Community, 26(1), 80-89.
DOI Scopus32 WoS27 Europe PMC20
2017 Javanparast, S., Baum, F., Freeman, T., Labonte, R., Ziersch, A. M., Kidd, M. R., & Mackean, T. (2017). Lessons from medicare locals for primary health networks. Medical Journal of Australia, 207(2), 54-55.e1.
DOI Scopus5 WoS5 Europe PMC5
2017 Baum, F., Freeman, T., Lawless, A., Labonte, R., & Sanders, D. (2017). What is the difference between comprehensive and selective primary health care? Evidence from a five-year longitudinal realist case study in South Australia. BMJ Open, 7(4), 8 pages.
DOI Scopus22 WoS22 Europe PMC16
2016 Freeman, T., Baum, F., Lawless, A., Javanparast, S., Jolley, G., Labonté, R., . . . Sanders, D. (2016). Revisiting the ability of Australian primary healthcare services to respond to health inequity. Australian Journal of Primary Health, 22(4), 332-338.
DOI Scopus24 WoS21 Europe PMC16
2016 Baum, F., Freeman, T., Sanders, D., Labonté, R., Lawless, A., & Javanparast, S. (2016). Comprehensive primary health care under neo-liberalism in Australia. Social Science and Medicine, 168, 43-52.
DOI Scopus70 WoS60 Europe PMC45
2016 Freeman, T., Baum, F., Lawless, A., Labonté, R., Sanders, D., Boffa, J., . . . Javanparast, S. (2016). Case study of an aboriginal community-controlled health service in australia: Universal, rights-based, publicly funded comprehensive primary health care in action. Health and Human Rights, 18(2), 93-108.
Scopus40 WoS34 Europe PMC23
2016 Freeman, T., Baum, F. E., Jolley, G. M., Lawless, A., Edwards, T., Javanparast, S., & Ziersch, A. (2016). Service providers' views of community participation at six Australian primary healthcare services: Scope for empowerment and challenges to implementation. International Journal of Health Planning and Management, 31(1), E1-E21.
DOI Scopus28 WoS25 Europe PMC23
2015 Javanparast, S., Baum, F., Barton, E., Freeman, T., Lawless, A., Fuller, J., . . . Kidd, M. R. (2015). Medicare local-local health network partnerships in South Australia: Lessons for primary health networks. Medical Journal of Australia, 203(5), 219-219.e6.
DOI Scopus12 WoS9 Europe PMC7
2014 Jolley, G., Freeman, T., Baum, F., Hurley, C., Lawless, A., Bentley, M., . . . Sanders, D. (2014). Health policy in South Australia 2003-10: Primary health care workforce perceptions of the impact of policy change on health promotion. Health Promotion Journal of Australia, 25(2), 116-124.
DOI Scopus25 WoS22 Europe PMC18
2014 Anaf, J., Baum, F., Freeman, T., Labonte, R., Javanparast, S., Jolley, G., . . . Bentley, M. (2014). Factors shaping intersectoral action in primary health care services. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health, 38(6), 553-559.
DOI Scopus34 WoS29 Europe PMC24
2014 Freeman, T., Jolley, G., Baum, F., Lawless, A., Javanparast, S., & Labonté, R. (2014). Community assessment workshops: A group method for gathering client experiences of health services. Health and Social Care in the Community, 22(1), 47-56.
DOI Scopus9 WoS9 Europe PMC7
2014 Baum, F., Freeman, T., Jolley, G., Lawless, A., Bentley, M., Värttö, K., . . . Sanders, D. (2014). Health promotion in Australian multi-disciplinary primary health care services: Case studies from South Australia and the Northern Territory. Health Promotion International, 29(4), 705-719.
DOI Scopus24 WoS18 Europe PMC15
2014 Lawless, A., Freeman, T., Bentley, M., Baum, F., & Jolley, G. (2014). Developing a good practice model to evaluate the effectiveness of comprehensive primary health care in local communities. BMC Family Practice, 15(1), 9 pages.
DOI Scopus40 WoS34 Europe PMC30
2014 Freeman, T., Edwards, T., Baum, F., Lawless, A., Jolley, G., Javanparast, S., & Francis, T. (2014). Cultural respect strategies in Australian Aboriginal primary health care services: Beyond education and training of practitioners. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health, 38(4), 355-361.
DOI Scopus66 WoS61 Europe PMC49
2013 Baum, F. E., Legge, D. G., Freeman, T., Lawless, A., Labonté, R., & Jolley, G. M. (2013). The potential for multi-disciplinary primary health care services to take action on the social determinants of health: Actions and constraints. BMC Public Health, 13(1), 13 pages.
DOI Scopus70 WoS37 Europe PMC52
2013 Roche, A. M., Duraisingam, V., Trifonoff, A., Battams, S., Freeman, T., Tovell, A., . . . Bates, N. (2013). Sharing stories: Indigenous alcohol and other drug workers' well-being, stress and burnout. Drug and Alcohol Review, 32(5), 527-535.
DOI Scopus30 WoS30 Europe PMC23
2012 Freeman, T., Roche, A. M., Williamson, P., & Pidd, K. (2012). What factors need to be addressed to support dental hygienists to assist their patients to quit smoking?. Nicotine and Tobacco Research, 14(9), 1040-1047.
DOI Scopus10 WoS9 Europe PMC6
2012 Baum, F., Freeman, T., Lawless, A., & Jolley, G. (2012). Community development: Improving patient safety by enhancing the use of health services. Australian Family Physician, 41(6), 424-428.
Scopus15 WoS14 Europe PMC10
2011 Freeman, T., Baum, F., Lawless, A., Jolley, G., Labonte, R., Bentley, M., & Boffa, J. (2011). Reaching those with the greatest need: How Australian primary health care service managers, practitioners and funders understand and respond to health inequity. Australian Journal of Primary Health, 17(4), 355-361.
DOI Scopus24 WoS24 Europe PMC22
2011 Wiese, M., Jolley, G., Baum, F., Freeman, T., & Kidd, M. (2011). Australia's systems of primary healthcare: The need for improved coordination and implications for Medicare Locals. Australian Family Physician, 40(12), 995-999.
Scopus15 WoS14 Europe PMC11
2011 Freeman, T., White, V. M., & Roche, A. M. (2011). Which Australian secondary school students are at risk of illicit drug use?. Drug and Alcohol Review, 30(6), 589-596.
DOI Scopus4 WoS4 Europe PMC1
2011 Freeman, T., Roche, A. M., Williamson, P., & Pidd, K. (2011). Hazardous alcohol use interventions with emergency patients: Self-reported practices of nurses, and predictors of behaviour. EMA Emergency Medicine Australasia, 23(4), 479-489.
DOI Scopus15 WoS12 Europe PMC8
2009 Skinner, N., Roche, A. M., Freeman, T., & McKinnon, A. (2009). Health professionals' attitudes towards AOD-related work: Moving the traditional focus from education and training to organizational culture. Drugs Education Prevention and Policy, 16(3), 232-249.
DOI Scopus52 WoS50
2009 Roche, A. M., Pidd, K., & Freeman, T. (2009). Achieving professional practice change: From training to workforce development. Drug and Alcohol Review, 28(5), 550-557.
DOI Scopus20 WoS17 Europe PMC7
2009 Roche, A. M., Bywood, P., Pidd, K., Freeman, T., & Steenson, T. (2009). Drug testing in Australian schools: Policy implications and considerations of punitive, deterrence and/or prevention measures. International Journal of Drug Policy, 20(6), 521-528.
DOI Scopus20 WoS14 Europe PMC10
2008 Roche, A. M., Pidd, K., Bywood, P., & Freeman, T. (2008). Methamphetamine use among Australian workers and its implications for prevention. Drug and Alcohol Review, 27(3), 334-341.
DOI Scopus22 WoS21 Europe PMC11
2007 Skinner, N., Feather, N. T., Freeman, T., & Roche, A. (2007). Stigma and discrimination in health-care provision to drug users: The role of values, affect, and deservingness judgments. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 37(1), 163-186.
DOI Scopus68 WoS59
2006 Edwards, D. A., Freeman, T., & Gilbert, A. L. (2006). Pharmacists' role in smoking cessation: an examination of current practice and barriers to service provision. International journal of pharmacy practice, 14(4), 315-317.
DOI Scopus19
2006 Edwards, D. A., Freeman, T., Litt, J., & Roche, A. (2006). GPs confidence in and barriers to implementing smoking cessation activities: compared to dentists, dental hygienists and pharmacists. Australian journal of primary health, 12(3), 117-125.
DOI Scopus10
2006 Roche, A., Freeman, T., & Skinner, N. J. (2006). From data to evidence, to action : Findings from a systematic review of hospital screening studies for high risk alcohol consumption. Drug and alcohol dependence, 83(1), 1-14.
DOI Scopus76 WoS70 Europe PMC53
2006 Edwards, D. A., Freeman, T., & Roche, A. (2006). Dentists' and dental hygienists' role in smoking cessation: an examination and comparison of current practice and barriers to service provision. Health Promotion Journal of Australia, 17(2), 145-151.
DOI Scopus37 Europe PMC28
2005 Skinner, N. J., Roche, A., Freeman, T., & Addy, D. (2005). Responding to alcohol and other drug issues : The effect of role adequacy and role legitimacy on motivation and satisfaction. Drugs: education, prevention policy, 12(6), 449-463.
DOI Scopus36 WoS31
2004 Roche, A. M., & Freeman, T. (2004). Brief interventions: Good in theory but weak in practice. Drug and Alcohol Review, 23(1), 11-18.
DOI Scopus116 WoS103 Europe PMC73
- D'Angelo, S., Fisher, M., Mackean, T., O'Donnell, K., Dwyer, J., Sherwood, J., . . . Baum, F. (2024). Next Steps in Decolonising Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Primary Health Care Policy in Australia: An Analysis of Key Stakeholder Views. The International Indigenous Policy Journal, 15(3).
DOI

Year Citation
2025 Baum, F., & Freeman, T. (2025). Social and commercial determinants of health and health equity in Australia. In T. Bryant (Ed.), Handbook on the Social Determinants of Health (pp. 328-339). Edward Elgar Publishing.
DOI
2024 Freeman, T., & Baum, F. (2024). THE NEED FOR COMPREHENSIVE PRIMARY HEALTHCARE. In D. Primrose, R. Loeppky, & R. Chang (Eds.), The Routledge Handbook of the Political Economy of Health and Healthcare (pp. 432-443). Routledge.
DOI

Year Citation
2020 Baum, F., Townsend, B., Fisher, M., Freeman, T., Harris, P., Browne-Yung, K., & Friel, S. (2020). Gaining political will for actions to achieve health equity: lessons from Australia for advocates. In EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH Vol. 30 (pp. 1 page). OXFORD UNIV PRESS.
2018 Ziersch, A., Javanparast, S., Baum, F., Freeman, T., Henderson, J., & Mackean, T. (2018). 'They're not the flavour of the month': regional primary health care organisations and primary health care for migrants and people from refugee backgrounds in Australia. In EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH Vol. 28 (pp. 45). OXFORD UNIV PRESS.
2018 Ziersch, A., Javanparast, S., Baum, F., Freeman, T., Henderson, J., & Mackean, T. (2018). 2.5-O8‘They’re not the flavour of the month’: regional primary health care organisations and primary health care for migrants and people from refugee backgrounds in Australia. In European Journal of Public Health Vol. 28. Oxford University Press (OUP).
DOI

Year Citation
2024 Freeman, T., Bryan-Hancock, J., Baum, F., Fisher, M., van den Berg, M., Jureidini, J., . . . Folwell, B. (2024). Australia’s workface programs and risk of suicide: implications for public health. Poster session presented at the meeting of SA Population Health conference.

Year Citation
2020 Musolino, C., Baum, F., Womersley, R., Van Eyk, H., Freeman, T., Flavel, J., & Earl, C. (2020). SA: The Heaps Unfair State: Why have Health Inequities Increased in South Australia and how can this be Reversed?.
2019 Flavel, J., Baum, F., Musolino, C., Freeman, T., & van Eyk, H. (2019). SA: The Heaps Unfair State: The Statistical Report..

Freeman, T., Baum, F., Fisher, M., Vandenberg, M., Jureidini, J., Larkin, S., Raven, M., & Walsh, J. (2023). Work and unemployment: vital to effective suicide prevention. MRFF Mental Health Research, $904,604.

Baum, F., & Freeman, T. (2023). Using collaborative systems modelling to understand complex health and wellbeing promotion issues. Wellbeing SA, $40,000.

Baum, F., Freeman, T., Williams, C. (2023). Building Equity in to Health in All Policies. Faculty of Arts, Business, Law, and Economics, Adelaide University, Wellbeing SA, and Healthy Tasmania, $30,000.

Fisher, M., Freeman, T., Vandenberg, M., & Baum, F. (2022). Priority populations in mental health and suicide prevention. National Mental Health Commission, $183,821.

Baum, F., Popay, J., Labonte, R., Kidd, M., Freeman, T., Gesesew, H., Fisher, M., Friel, S., Miller, E., &Musolino, C. (2020). Do Punching Above Weight Countries respond better to a pandemic? World Bank, $US50,000.

Baum, F., Anderson, W., Freeman, T., Lewis, V., Mackean, T., MacDougall, C., Osborne, K., & Legge, D. (2020). A History of Community Health in Australia. ARC, $265,000.

Baum, F., Delany-Crowe, T., van Eyk, H., Williams, C., Freeman, T., MacDougall, C., Fisher, M., Musolino, C., McGreevy, M., Barredo, M., Phillips, P., & Craig, J. (2018). Healthy South: Testing the feasibility of the rapid translation of Health in All Policies (HiAP) ideas to create healthy urban environments, create health promoting health services and stem the non-communicable disease epidemic in the Southern area of Adelaide. SA Academic Health Science and Translation Centre Rapid Applied Research Translation for Health Impact Grant, $199,863.

Freeman, T., Fisher, M., Ward, P., Osborne, R., Lawler, T., Biggs, J., & Robinson, M. (2017). Equity in access to, use of, and benefits from digital health strategies. Innovation Partnership Seed Grant, Flinders University, $50,000.

Baum, F., Freeman, T., Mackean, T., Sherwood, J., Ziersch, A., Askew, D., Browne, A., Dwyer, J., & Kidd, M. (2017) Decolonising practice in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander primary health care. National Health and Medical Research Council Project Grant, $1.45m.

Baum, F., Javanparast, S., Fuller, J., Lawless, A., Reed, R., Ziersch, A., Freeman, T., & Mackean, T. (2013). Regional Primary Health Care Organisations: Population health planning, participation, equity and the extent to which initiatives are comprehensive. National Health and Medical Research Council Project Grant, $1.0m.

I am available for Research Higher Degree supervision.

Date Role Research Topic Program Degree Type Student Load Student Name
2025 Principal Supervisor Towards influencing policy: A systems science approach to food policy advocacy to improve health, health equity and environmental outcomes in Australia Doctor of Philosophy Doctorate Part Time Ms Gina Maree Absalom
2025 Principal Supervisor Exploring Intersectoral Policy Responses to Address Social and Commercial Determinants of Suicide Risk in South Australian Public Policy Doctor of Philosophy Doctorate Full Time Jessica Elisabeth Nitschke
2025 Principal Supervisor Towards influencing policy: A systems science approach to food policy advocacy to improve health, health equity and environmental outcomes in Australia Doctor of Philosophy Doctorate Part Time Ms Gina Maree Absalom
2025 Principal Supervisor Exploring Societal Trends Shaping Inequities in Suicide Risk for Cohorts of Australian Women.  Doctor of Philosophy Doctorate Full Time Jessica Elisabeth Nitschke
2025 Principal Supervisor Exploring Societal Trends Shaping Inequities in Suicide Risk for Cohorts of Australian Women.  Doctor of Philosophy Doctorate Part Time Jessica Elisabeth Nitschke
2025 Principal Supervisor Towards influencing policy: A systems science approach to food policy advocacy to improve health, health equity and environmental outcomes in Australia Doctor of Philosophy Doctorate Part Time Ms Gina Maree Absalom

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