Dr Tim Schultz
My current role in Adelaide Nursing School is Research Fellow and Postgraduate Coordinator. I conduct and support research activities mainly related to quantitative methods in the Adelaide Nursing School, and manage the Higher Degree by Research (HDR) Program. My main areas of research lie in: (i) systematic reviews, (ii) health services research, (iii) patient safety research, and (iv) implementing evidence into practice. I am an interdisciplinary researcher who focusses on the role of nursing in healthcare delivery.
My research investigates how safe, effective and efficient healthcare can be delivered to patients in a complex and changing healthcare system, and I have a particular interest in determining how people with chronic diseases can receive care in the community (home) rather than hospital. My research into evidence implementation directly contributes to the Faculty’s ‘Translational Health Outcomes’ and ‘Surgical and Health Systems Innovation’ research programs, while my research on frailty is part of the Transdisciplinary CRE on Frailty and the Faculty’s Ageing, Frailty and Mobility research program. Additionally, my large body of systematic review work as a core staff of the Centre for Evidence Based Practice South Australia is integral to its continued success, and my international collaboration with Uppsala University supports the Adelaide Nursing School's program of work on the Fundamentals of Care.
I have a minor role in undergraduate teaching, leading problem-based learning and small group discovery experience classes. I conduct tutorials on quantitative research methods in a postgraduate course ‘NURSING 7030 - Undertaking nursing research: Exploring Issues in clinical practice’ and supervise students in the postgraduate course 7012HO Systematic Reviews of Research.
I was previously Technical Director at the Australian Patient Safety Foundation (2008-15)
✓ Eligible to supervise Masters and PhD — email supervisor to discuss availability.
My main areas of research lie in: (i) systematic reviews, (ii) health services research, (iii) patient safety research, and (iv) implementing evidence into practice. I am an interdisciplinary researcher who focusses on the role of nursing in healthcare delivery.
For systematic reviews (SRs), I have conducted a number of Cochrane Reviews and Joanna Briggs Institute reviews. Mostly they have been reviews of effectiveness, although a few are integrated reviews combining quantitative and qualitative research. I have also conducted umbrella SRs (what Cochrane calls ‘overviews reviews’) and SRs of diagnostic test accuracy.
Current projects:
- Jadczak, A. D., Makwana, N., Luscombe-Marsh, N. D., Visvanathan, R., & Schultz, T. J. (2016). Effectiveness of exercise interventions on physical function in community-dwelling frail older people: an umbrella review protocol. JBI Database System Rev Implement Rep, 14(9), 93-102. doi: 10.11124/JBISRIR-2016-003081
- Jabin, S. R., Schultz, T., Hibbert, P., Mandel, C., & Runciman, W. (2016). Effectiveness of quality improvement interventions for patient safety in radiology: a systematic review protocol. JBI Database System Rev Implement Reps, 14(9), 65-78. doi: 10.11124/JBISRIR-2016-003078
- Kerr, F., Wiechula, R., Feo, R., Schultz, T., & Kitson, A. (2016). The neurophysiology of human touch and eye gaze and its effects on therapeutic relationships and healing: a scoping review protocol. JBI Database System Rev Implement Rep, 14(4), 60-66. doi: 10.11124/jbisrir-2016-2628
- Ambagtsheer, R. C., Thompson, M. Q., Archibald, M. M., Casey, M. G. & Schultz, T. J. (2017). Diagnostic test accuracy of self-reported frailty screening instruments in identifying community-dwelling older people at risk of frailty and pre-frailty: a systematic review protocol. JBI Database System Rev Implement Rep, 15, 10, 2464-246
- Butler, M., Collins, R., Drennan, J., Halligan, P., O'Mathúna, D.P., Schultz, T.J., Sheridan, A., and Vilis, E. (2011) Hospital nurse staffing models and patient and staff-related outcomes. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews(7). - This review is currently being updated.
For health services research, I am familiar with and have used the following methods: parallel and crossover RCTs, stepped wedge RCTs, interrupted time series, quasi-experimental designs (eg controlled before/after (pre-post), uncontrolled pre-post), and cross-sectional. I am familiar with other observational study designs such as cohorts studies and case-control but have not used these myself. I have a particular interest in new models of care, especially taking patients out of hospital settings and providing care in the home, new roles (eg nurse endoscopists), new designs of hospitals (eg single bedded rooms, and design of post anaesthetic recovery units), and training programs for healthcare professionals.
Current projects:
- A pilot study of the safety and clinical effectiveness, acceptability and cost effectiveness of home infusions of Tysabri (Tysabri®) by ambulatory care nurses for people with multiple sclerosis?
- Single bed hospitals: nursing workflows and patients experience
- Evaluating costs and impact of early-discharge for planned caesarean sections: Setting the Benchmark
- Transdisciplinary frailty research to achieve healthy ageing
- Evaluating nurse endoscopist roles in a metropolitan health service South Australia
For patient safety research, I have been involved in studies that have developed and analysed data from incident reporting systems, especially in emergency medicine and medical imaging (radiology), acute care hospitals, and with respect to electronic health records, and documentation of allergies. I was involved in developing content for the International Classification for Patient Safety, for World Health Health Organisation and am interested in other quality improvement activities (eg human factors training) and their impact on patient safety outcomes.
Current projects:
- Review of allergy & ADR incidents associated with clinical information systems
For implementing evidence into practice, I have been directly involved in a program for residential aged care staff to improve their use of evidence, assessment of the context in which care is provided in hospitals (within the PARIHS framework of knowledge translation), nutrition screening in hospitals, and hydration for hospital patients.
Current projects:
- Improving evidence utilisation by health professionals in public health centres (Puskesmas) to reduce neonatal mortality in South Kalimantan
Appointments
| Date | Position | Institution name |
|---|---|---|
| 2013 | Research Fellow | University of Adelaide |
| 2010 | Adjunct Research Fellow | University of South Australia |
| 2008 - 2015 | Technical Director | Australian Patient Safety Foundation |
| 2004 - 2009 | Research Fellow | Joanna Briggs Institute |
Education
| Date | Institution name | Country | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2005 - 2007 | University of Adelaide | Australia | Grad Dipl(Publ Hlth) |
| 1996 - 2001 | Charles Darwin University | Australia | PhD |
| 1992 - 1992 | University of Adelaide | Australia | BSc(Hons) |
| 1989 - 1991 | University of Adelaide | Australia | BA |
Certifications
| Date | Title | Institution name | Country |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2015 | Register of HDR Supervisors | University of South Australia | Australia |
| 2004 | Register of HDR Supervisors | University of Adelaide | Australia |
Research Interests
Journals
Books
Book Chapters
| Year | Citation |
|---|---|
| 2015 | Wiechula, R., Shanks, A., Schultz, T., Whitaker, N., & Kitson, A. (2015). Case study of the PRoWL project - a whole-system implementation project involving nursing and dietetic lead facilitators. In G. Harvey, & A. Kitson (Eds.), Implementing evidence-based practice in healthcare: A facilitation guide (1 ed., pp. 169-184). Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge. |
Conference Papers
| Year | Citation |
|---|---|
| 2011 | Long., Kitson., Shanks, A., Wiechula., Schultz., Chapman., . . . Whitaker. (2011). Preparing to PROWL‐prevention and reduction of weight loss in the acute care setting. In International Journal of Evidence-Based Healthcare Vol. 9 (pp. 311-312). Adelaide, Australia. |
Conference Items
| Year | Citation |
|---|---|
| 2018 | Schultz, T., Thomas, A., Naidoo, K., Cusack, L., Karnon, J., Simon, L., . . . Ravindran, J. (2018). Running the HIT: Feasibility of Home Infusions of Tysabri (TM) For People with Multiple Sclerosis. Poster session presented at the meeting of MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS JOURNAL. Ho Chi Minh City, VIETNAM: SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD. |
| 2017 | Jayasinghe, H., Carson, K., Schultz, T., Barton, C., Ali, A. A., Tan, J., . . . Smith, B. (2017). Asthma Self-Management Education With Either Regular Healthcare Professional Review Or Written Action Plan Or Both In Adults: A Cochrane Review. Poster session presented at the meeting of AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE. Washington, DC: AMER THORACIC SOC. |
| 2016 | Butterfield, N., Schultz, T., Rasmussen, P., & Proeve, M. (2016). Yoga for stress, anxiety and depression: Developing an appropriate intervention for mental health consumers. Poster session presented at the meeting of INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MENTAL HEALTH NURSING. WILEY-BLACKWELL. |
| 2015 | Jayasinghe, H., Carson, K., Schultz, T., Barton, C., Ali, A., Brinn, M., . . . Smith, B. (2015). ASTHMA SELF-MANAGEMENT EDUCATION WITH EITHER REGULAR HEALTHCARE PROFESSIONAL REVIEW OR WRITTEN ACTION PLAN OR BOTH IN ADULTS: A COCHRANE REVIEW. Poster session presented at the meeting of RESPIROLOGY. Queensland, AUSTRALIA: WILEY-BLACKWELL. |
| 2013 | Mandel, C., Hannaford, N., Grimm, J., & Schultz, T. (2013). The Radiology Events Register (RaER): incident reporting in radiology. Poster session presented at the meeting of Clinical Radiology. DOI |
2016-17 - Biogen Australia and New Zealand - A pilot study of the safety and clinical effectiveness, acceptability and cost effectiveness of home infusions of Tysabri (Tysabri®) by ambulatory care nurses for people with multiple sclerosis? (as CI-B with School of Nursing, University of Adelaide)
2016-17 - Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Health Care ‘Clinical safety implications of calls to the ‘My Health Record’ Helpline’ (as CI-A with School of Nursing, University of Adelaide).
2016-17 - ANMF SA - Single bed hospitals: nursing workflows and patients experience (with School of Nursing, University of Adelaide)
2016-17 - HCF Research Foundation - Evaluating costs and impact of early-discharge for planned caesarean sections: Setting the Benchmark (with School of Nursing, University of Adelaide)
2015-2020 - NHMRC CRE – Transdisciplinary frailty research to achieve healthy ageing (as Associate Investigator, with School of Nursing, University of Adelaide)
2015-16 - SA Health Commitment to Care ‘Evaluating 4 Change’ (with School of Nursing, University of Adelaide)
2015-2016 - Australasian College for Emergency Medicine ‘Emergency Medicine Event Reporting System national implementation’ (with Australian Patient Safety Foundation).
2014-15 Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Health Care ‘Analysis of Personally Controlled Electronic Health Record (PCEHR) incidents and supporting a proposed Clinical Incident Management Framework’ (with Australian Patient Safety Foundation).
2014 - Australasian College for Emergency Medicine ‘Emergency Medicine Event Reporting System national implementation’ (with Australian Patient Safety Foundation).
2014 - Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists ‘Radiology Events Register’ (with Australian Patient Safety Foundation)
2013 - Heart Foundation SA ‘Evaluation of the ‘My Heart, My Life’ booklet for patients with coronary heart disease’ (with School of Nursing, University of Adelaide)
2013 - University of Adelaide DVCR Interdisciplinary Research Fund ‘Healthy Ageing - What interventions optimise independence and promote healthy ageing in the community? (with School of Nursing, University of Adelaide)
2012 - HCF Medical Research Foundation ‘Surgical safety checklist use in Australian hospitals’ (with Australian Patient Safety Foundation, Joanna Briggs Institute)
2012 - Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists ‘Lessons for practice from closed case notifications to medical defence organisations’ (with Australian Patient Safety Foundation and A/Prof Stacy Goergen).
2012 - Australasian College of Emergency Medicine – Emergency Medicine Event Reporting System (with Australian Patient Safety Foundation).
I have a minor role in undergraduate teaching, leading problem-based learning and small group discovery experience classes. I conduct tutorials on quantitative research methods in a postgraduate course ‘NURSING 7030 - Undertaking nursing research: Exploring Issues in clinical practice’ and supervise students in the postgraduate course 7012HO Systematic Reviews of Research.
Current Higher Degree by Research Supervision (University of Adelaide)
| Date | Role | Research Topic | Program | Degree Type | Student Load | Student Name |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2018 | Principal Supervisor | Nurse-led Clinics for Cardiac Patients | Master of Clinical Science | Master | Part Time | Mrs Ainagul Alzhanova |
| 2018 | Co-Supervisor | Challenges Encountered by Nurses to Delivery of End of Life Care in Saudi Arabia | Doctor of Philosophy | Doctorate | Full Time | Mr Omar Awadh M Alrasheedi |
| 2017 | Co-Supervisor | Determinants for Nursing Sensitive Patients' Safety Outcome Among Admitted Patients | Doctor of Philosophy | Doctorate | Full Time | Mr Ashagre Molla Assaye |
| 2016 | Principal Supervisor | Impact of Heart Failure Symptoms on Patients Lives and their Home Management Strategies | Doctor of Philosophy | Doctorate | Full Time | Mr Osama Ahmad Hamdan Alkouri |
| 2016 | Co-Supervisor | Patients' and Clinicians' experiences of the Flexible Delivery of Natalizumab | Master of Clinical Science | Master | Part Time | Mrs Mahasen Juaton |
| 2015 | Principal Supervisor | Employee Reaction to Change, and Development and Maintenance of Resilience | Doctor of Philosophy | Doctorate | Part Time | Ms Jodie Ann Shoobridge |
| 2015 | Principal Supervisor | Models of care for the Perioperative Bays at the new RAH | Master of Clinical Science | Master | Part Time | Ms Louise McGuire |
| 2012 | Principal Supervisor | The Effectiveness of Yoga and Meditation for Managing Symptoms of Anxiety and Depression | Doctor of Philosophy | Doctorate | Part Time | Ms Nicole Anne Snaith |
Past Higher Degree by Research Supervision (University of Adelaide)
| Date | Role | Research Topic | Program | Degree Type | Student Load | Student Name |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2012 - 2014 | Principal Supervisor | The Diagnostic Test Accuracy of Clinical Swallow Assessment for Oropharyngeal Aspiration: A Systematic Review | Master of Clinical Science | Master | Full Time | Miss Marissa Romano |
| 2012 - 2015 | Principal Supervisor | Comparative outcomes of craniectomy versus cranial remodelling in the human infant with isolated sagittal synostosis | Master of Clinical Science | Master | Part Time | Dr May Thwin |
| 2011 - 2012 | Co-Supervisor | The Safe Administration of Rapid Rituximab Infusion: An Evidence-Based Approach | Doctor of Philosophy | Doctorate | Full Time | Miss Siew Ping Lang |
| 2010 - 2015 | Co-Supervisor | Emergency Care Perceptions and Responses to Alcohol-Intoxicated Women Victims of Violence: Current Perceptions and Responses, What Influences Them, and Whether They Can Be Changed | Doctor of Philosophy | Doctorate | Part Time | Dr Amy Marshall |
| 2010 - 2015 | Co-Supervisor | The Culture in Safety Culture: Exploration of Patient Safety Culture in Saudi Arabian Operating Theatres | Doctor of Philosophy | Doctorate | Full Time | Mr Fahad Dhafer E Algahtani |
| 2009 - 2011 | Principal Supervisor | The Accuracy of Influenza A (H1N1) "Swine Flu" Laboratory Testing: A systematic Review of Diagnostic Test Accuracy | Master of Clinical Science | Master | Full Time | Dr Sarahlouise White |
| 2007 - 2010 | Co-Supervisor | Role of Gerontological Nurse Practitioner in Australia | Doctor of Philosophy | Doctorate | Part Time | Ms Caroline Grace Lee |
| 2006 - 2008 | Co-Supervisor | Action Research in Preventing Workplace Burnout in Rural Remote Community Mental Health Nursing | Doctor of Philosophy | Doctorate | Part Time | Mrs Eileen Margaret Petrie |
| 2006 - 2008 | Co-Supervisor | Lived Experience of Overseas-Qualified Nurses from Non-English-Speaking Backgrounds in Australia | Doctor of Philosophy | Doctorate | Full Time | Dr Rie Konno |
| 2005 - 2008 | Co-Supervisor | The Development of an Evidence-Based Conceptual Framework for Undergraduate Nursing Curricula in Sri Lanka | Doctor of Philosophy | Doctorate | Full Time | Dr Rasika Jayasekara Gangoda Arachchilag |
Memberships
| Date | Role | Membership | Country |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2008 - ongoing | Member | Australian Patient Safety Foundation | Australia |
Offices Held
| Date | Office Name | Institution | Country |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2015 - ongoing | Postgraduate Coordinator | University of Adelaide | Australia |