Paul Grimshaw

APrf Paul Grimshaw

School of Allied Health and Human Performance

College of Health

Eligible to supervise Masters and PhD - email supervisor to discuss availability.

Since completing my PhD in biomedical engineering in 1987 from the University of Salford, UK, I have been lecturing in the areas of biomechanics, anatomy and research methods for the last 30 years. In this context I have worked at three Universities in the United Kingdom (Brunel, Edinburgh and Exeter) and two here in Australia (School of Health Sciences, University of South Australia and currently the School of Mechanical Engineering at the University of Adelaide). My main areas of research have been the topics of injury prevention/mechanism of injury and sports performance/technology in a number of different areas (golf, athletics, low back pain, gait analysis in children and adults and quantitative assessment of human knee instability). At the University of Adelaide I have been the School's Director of Research (2015), the School's Director of Learning and Teaching (for 6 months in 2017 while the current Director was on study leave) and the Program Coordinator for the bachelor of engineering (mechanical and sports) 4-year undergraduate professional degree (2009-2017), which is the first of its kind within Australia (established in 2008). 

 

Year Citation
2025 Holdback, C. J. M., Kelso, R. M., Haydon, D. S., Grimshaw, P. N., Pinder, R. A., & Ibrahim, R. (2025). Measuring pole forces in seated shot put: a case study. Sports Biomechanics, online, 1-13.
DOI Scopus1 WoS1 Europe PMC1
2025 Holdback, C. J., Ibrahim, R., Haydon, D. S., Grimshaw, P., Kelso, R., & Pinder, R. A. (2025). The dynamics of seated shot put: a case study example of pole grip optimisation. Frontiers in Sports and Active Living, 7(1509435), 1-11.
DOI Scopus1 WoS2 Europe PMC1
2025 Winter, L., Grimshaw, P., Bellenger, C., & Crowther, R. (2025). A comparison between novice and elite cyclists movement stability during cycling. Journal of Sports Sciences, 43(10), 995-1004.
DOI
2024 Loud, D., Grimshaw, P., Kelso, R., & Robertson, W. (2024). A mechanical study of the influence of ankle joint angle on translational traction of soccer boots. Sports Engineering, 27(2), 23-1-23-12.
DOI
2024 Loud, D., Grimshaw, P., Kelso, R., & Robertson, W. S. P. (2024). Effect of Soccer Boot Outsole Configuration on Translational Traction Across Both Natural and Artificial Playing Surfaces.. Orthopaedic journal of sports medicine, 12(8), 23259671241259823.
DOI Scopus2 WoS2 Europe PMC2
2024 Loud, D., Grimshaw, P., Kelso, R., & Robertson, W. S. P. (2024). A mechanical comparison of the translational traction of female-specific and male soccer boots. Science and Medicine in Football, online, 12 pages.
DOI
2024 Loud, D., Grimshaw, P., & Kelso, R. (2024). 3D Kinematics of Male and Female Soccer Players for a Variety of Game-Specific Skills. Applied Bionics and Biomechanics, 2024, 9588416-1-9588416-8.
DOI WoS2 Europe PMC1
2024 Holdback, C. J. M., Ibrahim, R., Haydon, D. S., Pinder, R. A., Grimshaw, P. N., & Kelso, R. M. (2024). Seated-Shot-Put Equipment in Para Athletics—A Review and Presentation of Data From the Tokyo 2020 Paralympic Games. Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly, 41(1), 33-50.
DOI Scopus4 WoS4 Europe PMC3
2023 Winter, L., Bellenger, C., Grimshaw, P., & Crowther, R. G. (2023). Analysis of movement variability in cycling: an exploratory study. Sensors, 23(10, article no. 4972), 1-16.
DOI Scopus6 WoS6 Europe PMC2
2023 Winter, L., Taylor, P., Bellenger, C., Grimshaw, P., & Crowther, R. G. (2023). The application of the Lyapunov Exponent to analyse human performance: a systematic review. Journal of Sports Sciences, 41(22), 1994-2013.
DOI Scopus15 WoS14 Europe PMC10
2022 Fitzgerald, S., Kelso, R., Grimshaw, P., & Warr, A. (2022). Measurements of roll, steering, and the far-field wake in track cycling. Scientific Reports, 12(1), 11 pages.
DOI Scopus3 WoS4
2022 Haydon, D. S., Pinder, R. A., Grimshaw, P. N., Robertson, W. S. P., & Holdback, C. J. M. (2022). Prediction of Propulsion Kinematics and Performance in Wheelchair Rugby.. Frontiers in sports and active living, 4, 1-11.
DOI
2021 Pinedo-Jauregi, A., Mejuto Hidalgo, G., Bentley, D. J., Grimshaw, P., & Cámara Tobalina, J. (2021). Protocols used to determine the influence of backpack load on physiological variables. Systematic review. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, 86, 7 pages.
DOI Scopus1 WoS2
2021 Fitzgerald, S., Kelso, R., Grimshaw, P., & Warr, A. (2021). Impact of transition design on the accuracy of velodrome models. Sports Engineering, 24(1), 10 pages.
DOI Scopus6 WoS6
2021 Lewis, A. R., Phillips, E. J., Robertson, W. S. P., Grimshaw, P. N., Portus, M., & Winter, J. (2021). A practical assessment of wheelchair racing performance kinetics using accelerometers. Sports Biomechanics, 20(8), 1001-1014.
DOI Scopus4 WoS4 Europe PMC3
2020 Nguyen, V. T., Lu, T. F., Grimshaw, P., & Robertson, W. (2020). A novel approach for human intention recognition based on hall effect sensors and permanent magnets. Progress In Electromagnetics Research M, 92, 55-65.
DOI Scopus1 WoS2
2020 Fitzgerald, S., Kelso, R., Grimshaw, P., & Warr, A. (2020). Observations of the flow experienced by a track cyclist using velodrome, wind tunnel, and potential flow investigations with an instrumented bicycle. Journal of Wind Engineering & Industrial Aerodynamics, 206, 12 pages.
DOI Scopus9 WoS8
2019 Haydon, D. S., Pinder, R. A., Grimshaw, P. N., & Robertson, W. S. P. (2019). Wheelchair Rugby chair configurations: an individual, Robust design approach.. Sports biomechanics, 21(1), 104-119.
DOI Scopus11 WoS12 Europe PMC8
2019 Nguyen, V. T., Lu, T. F., Robertson, W., & Grimshaw, P. (2019). Magnetic field distribution of an elliptical permanent magnet. Progress In Electromagnetics Research C, 97, 69-82.
DOI Scopus6
2019 Lewis, A. R., Robertson, W. S. P., Phillips, E. J., Grimshaw, P. N., & Portus, M. (2019). Estimating the Maximum Isometric Force-Generating Capacity of Wheelchair Racing Athletes for Simulation Purposes. JOURNAL OF APPLIED BIOMECHANICS, 35(5), 358-365.
DOI Scopus1 Europe PMC1
2019 Lewis, A. R., Robertson, W. S. P., Phillips, E. J., Grimshaw, P. N., & Portus, M. (2019). The Effects of Personalized Versus Generic Scaling of Body Segment Masses on Joint Torques During Stationary Wheelchair Racing. Journal of Biomechanical Engineering, 141(10), 9 pages.
DOI Scopus4 WoS2 Europe PMC1
2019 Fitzgerald, S., Kelso, R., Grimshaw, P., & Warr, A. (2019). Measurement of the air velocity and turbulence in a simulated track cycling team pursuit race. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, 190, 322-330.
DOI Scopus20 WoS19
2018 Haydon, D., Pinder, R., Grimshaw, P., & Robertson, W. (2018). Overground-Propulsion Kinematics and Acceleration in Elite Wheelchair Rugby. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 13(2), 156-162.
DOI Scopus23 WoS16 Europe PMC11
2018 Haydon, D. S., Pinder, R. A., Grimshaw, P. N., & Robertson, W. S. (2018). Test design and individual analysis in wheelchair rugby. Journal of science and medicine in sport, 21(12), 1262-1267.
DOI Scopus11 WoS10 Europe PMC6
2018 Lewis, A., Haydon, D., Phillips, E., Grimshaw, P., Robertson, W., & Portus, M. (2018). Monitoring seating interface pressure in wheelchair sports. Sports Engineering, 21(4), 311-319.
DOI Scopus3 WoS2
2018 Lewis, A. R., Haydon, D. S., Phillips, E. J., Grimshaw, P. N., Pinder, R. A., Winter, J., . . . Portus, M. R. (2018). Placement effects of inertial measurement units on contact identification in wheelchair racing. Sports Biomechanics, 20(1), 55-70.
DOI Scopus9 WoS5 Europe PMC2
2016 Cole, M., & Grimshaw, P. (2016). The biomechanics of the modern golf swing: implications for lower back injuries. Sports Medicine, 46(3), 339-351.
DOI Scopus72 WoS59 Europe PMC46
2016 Tsiros, M. D., Buckley, J. D., Olds, T., Howe, P. R. C., Hills, A. P., Walkley, J., . . . Coates, A. M. (2016). Impaired Physical Function Associated with Childhood Obesity: How Should We Intervene?. Childhood Obesity, 12(2), 126-134.
DOI Scopus23 WoS21 Europe PMC21
2016 Haydon, D., Pinder, R., Grimshaw, P., & Robertson, W. (2016). Elite wheelchair rugby: a quantitative analysis of chair configuration in Australia. Sports Engineering, 19(3), 177-184.
DOI Scopus13 WoS11
2016 Andersen, K. A., Grimshaw, P. N., Kelso, R. M., & Bentley, D. J. (2016). Musculoskeletal Lower Limb Injury Risk in Army Populations.. Sports medicine - open, 2(1), 22.
DOI Scopus111 WoS99 Europe PMC64
2016 Andersen, K., Grimshaw, P., Kelso, R., & Bentley, D. (2016). Musculoskeletal Lower Limb Injury Risk in Army Populations. Sports medicine - open, 2(1), 1-9.
DOI
2014 MacKenzie, J., Grimshaw, P., Jones, C., Thoirs, K., & Petkov, J. (2014). Muscle activity during lifting: examining the effect of core conditioning of multifidus and transversus abdominis. Work, 47(4), 453-462.
DOI Scopus7 WoS9 Europe PMC6
2014 Cole, M., & Grimshaw, P. (2014). The crunch factor's role in golf-related low back pain. The Spine Journal, 14(5), 799-807.
DOI Scopus31 WoS29 Europe PMC22
2013 Tsiros, M., Coates, A., Howe, P., Grimshaw, P., Walkley, J., Shield, A., . . . Buckley, J. (2013). Knee extensor strength differences in obese and healthy-weight 10-to 13-year-olds. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 113(6), 1415-1422.
DOI Scopus34 WoS31 Europe PMC24
2011 Tsiros, M., Grimshaw, P., Shield, A., & Buckley, J. (2011). Test-Retest Reliability of the Biodex System 4 Isokinetic Dynamometer for Knee Strength Assessment in Paediatric Populations. Journal of Allied Health, 40(3), 115-119.
Scopus41 Europe PMC24
2011 Marques-Bruna, P., & Grimshaw, P. (2011). Design of the grand touring sports car wing. Institution of Mechanical Engineers. Proceedings. Part P: Journal of Sports, Engineering and Technology, 225(1), 22-31.
DOI Scopus4 WoS4
2011 Tsiros, M., Grimshaw, P., Shield, A., & Buckley, J. (2011). The Biodex Isokinetic Dynamometer for knee strength assessment in children: Advantages and limitations. Work, 39(2 Sp Iss), 161-167.
DOI Scopus19 WoS17 Europe PMC11
2011 Tsiros, M., Coates, A., Howe, P., Grimshaw, P., & Buckley, J. (2011). Obesity: the new childhood disability?. Obesity Reviews, 12(1), 26-36.
DOI Scopus93 WoS90 Europe PMC72
2009 Cole, M., & Grimshaw, P. (2009). The X factor and its relationship to golfing performance. Journal of Quantitative Analysis in Sports, 5(1), 1-9.
DOI WoS24
2009 Tsiros, M., Olds, T., Buckley, J., Grimshaw, P., Brennan, L., Walkley, J., . . . Coates, A. (2009). Health-related quality of life in obese children and adolescents. International Journal of Obesity, 33(4), 387-400.
DOI Scopus361 WoS332 Europe PMC276
2009 Marques-Bruna, P., & Grimshaw, P. (2009). Mechanics of flight in ski jumping: aerodynamic stability in pitch. Sports Technology, 2(1-2), 24-31.
DOI Scopus27
2009 Marques-Bruna, P., & Grimshaw, P. (2009). Mechanics of flight in ski jumping: aerodynamic stability in roll and yaw. Sports Technology, 2(3-4), 111-120.
DOI Scopus10
2009 Zhou, T., Grimshaw, P., & Jones, C. (2009). A biomechanical investigation of the anteromedial and posterolateral bands of the porcine anterior cruciate ligament. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part H-Journal of Engineering in Medicine, 223(H6), 767-775.
DOI Scopus12 WoS12 Europe PMC11
2009 Marqués‐Bruna, P., & Grimshaw, P. (2009). Mechanics of flight in ski jumping: Aerodynamic stability in roll and yaw. Sports Technology, 2(3-4), 111-120.
DOI
2009 Marqués‐Bruna, P., & Grimshaw, P. (2009). Mechanics of flight in ski jumping: Aerodynamic stability in pitch. Sports Technology, 2(1-2), 24-31.
DOI
2008 Marques-Bruna, P., & Grimshaw, P. (2008). Aerodynamic Effects of Road Topography and Meteorological Conditions on Time-Trialling Cycling Performance. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORTS SCIENCE & COACHING, 3(2), 155-167.
DOI WoS1
2008 Marques-Bruna, P., Lees, A., & Grimshaw, P. (2008). Structural principal components analysis of the kinematics of the soccer kick using different types of rating scales. International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching, 3(1), 73-85.
DOI WoS5
2008 Cole, M., & Grimshaw, P. (2008). Electromyography of the trunk and abdominal muscles in golfers with and without low back pain. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 11(2), 174-181.
DOI Scopus50 WoS44 Europe PMC31
2008 Cole, M., & Grimshaw, P. (2008). Trunk muscle onset and cessation in golfers with and without low back pain. Journal of Biomechanics, 41(13), 2829-2833.
DOI Scopus38 WoS35 Europe PMC23
2008 Cole, M., & Grimshaw, P. (2008). Onset and cessation timing of the trunk muscles in golfers with and without low back pain. Journal of Biomechanics, 41(Suppl. 1), S110.
DOI
2008 Zhou, T., Grimshaw, P., & Jones, C. (2008). Anteromedial and posterolateral bands of the porcine anterior cruciate ligament. Journal of Biomechanics, 41(Suppl. 1), S315.
DOI
2008 Grimshaw, P., Jones, C., & Zhou, T. (2008). Fibrous and fibrocartilaginous anterior cruciate ligaments: porcine vs kangaroo. Journal of Biomechanics, 41(Suppl. 1), S316.
DOI
2007 Mackintosh, S., King, S., Grimshaw, P., & Massy-Westropp, N. (2007). Interdisciplinary education in anatomy: it works for staff too. Focus on Health Professional Education, 8(3), 110-115.
2006 Salo, A., Twigg, D., Grimshaw, P., & Viitasalo, J. (2006). Extrapolation errors in controlled three-dimensional video camera set-ups. Journal of Human Movement Studies, 50(1), 1-18.
WoS1
2005 Ahmun, R., Tong, R., & Grimshaw, P. (2005). The effects of acute creatine supplementation on multiple sprint cycling and running performance in rugby players. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 19(1), 92-97.
DOI Scopus33 WoS23 Europe PMC16
2005 Cole, M., & Grimshaw, P. (2005). Compressive loads on the lumbar spine during lifting: 4D WATBAK versus inverse dynamics calculations. Applied Bionics & Biomechanics, 2(3/4), 149-160.
DOI
2005 Ahmun, R. P., Tong, R. J., & Grimshaw, P. N. (2005). The Effects of Acute Creatine Supplementation on Multiple Sprint Cycling and Running Performance in Rugby Players. The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 19(1), 92.
DOI
2004 Salo, A., Grimshaw, P. N., & Viitasalo, J. (2004). Influence on camera orientations on three-dimensional motion analysis. Journal of Human Movement Studies, 47(3), 253-267.
WoS1
2004 Marques-Bruna, P., & Grimshaw, P. (2004). Reliability of gait parameters in children under two years of age. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 98(1), 123-130.
DOI Scopus4 WoS3 Europe PMC2
2004 Cole, M., Grimshaw, P., & Burden, A. (2004). Loads on the lumbar spine during a work capacity assessment test. Work, 23(2), 169-178.
DOI Scopus9 Europe PMC5
2003 Cole, M., & Grimshaw, P. (2003). Low back pain and lifting: a review of epidemiology and aetiology. Work, 21(2), 173-184.
DOI Scopus46 Europe PMC22
2003 Schulz, B., & Grimshaw, P. (2003). Isokinetic knee muscle torque ratios in soccer players. Journal of science and medicine in sport, 6(4), 539.
2002 Grimshaw, P. N., Giles, A., Tong, R., & Grimmer Somers, K. A. (2002). Lower back and elbow injuries in golf. Sports medicine, 32(10), 655-666.
DOI Scopus35 WoS29 Europe PMC20
2000 Grimshaw, P., & Burden, A. (2000). Case Report: Reduction of low back pain in a professional golfer. Medicine and science in sports and exercise, 32(10), 1667-1673.
DOI Scopus69 WoS56 Europe PMC50
2000 Grimshaw, P., & Marques Bruna, P. (2000). Measuring development of a child's early wlaking implications for clinical assessment of gait. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 90(4), 1176-1178.
DOI Scopus1 WoS1 Europe PMC1
2000 Marques Bruna, P., & Grimshaw, P. (2000). Changes in coordination during the first 8 months of independent walking. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 91(3), 855-869.
DOI Scopus4 WoS4 Europe PMC1
1998 Grimshaw, P. N., Marques-Bruna, P., Salo, A., & Messenger, N. (1998). The 3-dimensional kinematics of the walking gait cycle of children aged between 10 and 24 months: Cross sectional and repeated measures. Gait and Posture, 7(1), 7-15.
DOI Scopus27 WoS24 Europe PMC18
1998 Salo, A., & Grimshaw, P. N. (1998). An examination of kinematic variability of motion analysis in sprint hurdles. Journal of Applied Biomechanics, 14(2), 211-222.
DOI Scopus29 WoS25
1998 Marques-Bruna, P., & Grimshaw, P. N. (1998). Variability in development of overarm throwing: A longitudinal case study over the first 6 months of throwing. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 86(3 PART 2), 1403-1418.
DOI Scopus7 WoS7 Europe PMC3
1998 Burden, A. M., Grimshaw, P. N., & Wallace, E. S. (1998). Hip and shoulder rotations during the golf swing of sub-10 handicap players. Journal of Sports Sciences, 16(2), 165-176.
DOI Scopus109 WoS102 Europe PMC58
1997 Marques-Bruna, P., & Grimshaw, P. N. (1997). 3-Dimensional kinematics of overarm throwing action of children age 15 to 30 months. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 84(3 PART II), 1267-1283.
DOI Scopus8 WoS7 Europe PMC5
1997 Salo, A., Grimshaw, P. N., & Viitasalo, J. T. (1997). Reliability of variables in the kinematic analysis of sprint hurdles. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 29(3), 383-389.
DOI Scopus23 WoS21 Europe PMC14
1997 Salo, A., Grimshaw, P. N., & Marar, L. (1997). 3-D biomechanical analysis of sprint hurdles at different competitive levels. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 29(2), 231-237.
DOI Scopus30 WoS22 Europe PMC14
1997 Grimshaw, P. N., & Bowker, P. (1997). Quantitative assessment of anterior cruciate ligament deficiency: Applied load versus applied displacement. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part H Journal of Engineering in Medicine, 211(6), 441-449.
DOI Scopus1 WoS1 Europe PMC1
1989 Paton, R. W., Grimshaw, P., McGregor, J., & Noble, J. (1989). Biomechanical assessment of the effects of significant hamstring injury: an isokinetic study. Journal of Biomedical Engineering, 11(3), 229-230.
DOI Scopus23 WoS18 Europe PMC12
1970 GRIMSHAW, P. N., SHEPHERD, M. J., & WILLMOTT, A. J. (1970). APPLICATION OF CLUSTER ANALYSIS BY COMPUTER TO STUDY OF URBAN MORPHOLOGY. TRANSACTIONS OF THE INSTITUTE OF BRITISH GEOGRAPHERS, (51), 143-161.
DOI WoS3

Year Citation
2019 Grimshaw, P., Cole, M., Burden, A., & Fowler, N. (2019). Instant notes in sport and exercise biomechanics: Second edition. Garland Science.
DOI Scopus1
2010 Grimshaw, P., Lees, A., Fowler, N., & Burden, A. (2010). Biomechanics of sport. London, UK: Taylor & Francis.
2006 Grimshaw, P., Lees, A., & Fowler, N. (2006). Sport and Exercise Biomechanics. UK: Taylor & Francis.

Year Citation
2019 Grimshaw, P. (2019). Torque and moments. In Instant Notes in Sport and Exercise Biomechanics Second Edition (pp. 134-142).
2019 Grimshaw, P. (2019). Newton's laws of motion: Angular motion. In Instant Notes in Sport and Exercise Biomechanics Second Edition (pp. 171-181).
2019 Grimshaw, P. (2019). Swimming. In Instant Notes in Sport and Exercise Biomechanics Second Edition (pp. 296-309).
2019 Grimshaw, P. (2019). Isokinetics. In Instant Notes in Sport and Exercise Biomechanics Second Edition (pp. 358-363).
2019 Grimshaw, P. (2019). Gravity, weight and vertical projection. In Instant Notes in Sport and Exercise Biomechanics Second Edition (pp. 68-79).
2019 Grimshaw, P. (2019). Centre of gravity and centre of mass. In Instant Notes in Sport and Exercise Biomechanics Second Edition (pp. 14-22).
2019 Grimshaw, P. (2019). Free body diagrams. In Instant Notes in Sport and Exercise Biomechanics Second Edition (pp. 387-388).
2019 Grimshaw, P. (2019). Mathematics: Algebra and trigonometry. In Instant Notes in Sport and Exercise Biomechanics Second Edition (pp. 407-418).
2019 Grimshaw, P. (2019). Sports equipment. In Instant Notes in Sport and Exercise Biomechanics Second Edition (pp. 364-374).
2019 Grimshaw, P. (2019). Linear motion. In Instant Notes in Sport and Exercise Biomechanics Second Edition (pp. 3-13).
2019 Grimshaw, P. (2019). Forces. In Instant Notes in Sport and Exercise Biomechanics Second Edition (pp. 57-67).
2019 Grimshaw, P. (2019). Muscle and joint forces: Statics and dynamics. In Instant Notes in Sport and Exercise Biomechanics Second Edition (pp. 185-205).
2019 Grimshaw, P. (2019). Moment of inertia and angular momentum. In Instant Notes in Sport and Exercise Biomechanics Second Edition (pp. 159-170).
2019 Grimshaw, P. (2019). Linear-angular motion. In Instant Notes in Sport and Exercise Biomechanics Second Edition (pp. 124-133).
2019 Grimshaw, P. (2019). Levers. In Instant Notes in Sport and Exercise Biomechanics Second Edition (pp. 143-150).
2019 Grimshaw, P. (2019). Angular motion. In Instant Notes in Sport and Exercise Biomechanics Second Edition (pp. 119-123).
2019 Grimshaw, P. (2019). Newton's laws of motion: Linear motion. In Instant Notes in Sport and Exercise Biomechanics Second Edition (pp. 106-115).
2019 Grimshaw, P. (2019). Centre of percussion. In Instant Notes in Sport and Exercise Biomechanics Second Edition (pp. 243-252).
2019 Grimshaw, P. (2019). Planes and axes of motion. In Instant Notes in Sport and Exercise Biomechanics Second Edition (pp. 385-386).
2019 Grimshaw, P. (2019). Impulse and momentum. In Instant Notes in Sport and Exercise Biomechanics Second Edition (pp. 89-98).
2011 Jones, C., & Grimshaw, P. (2011). The biomechanics of the anterior cruciate ligament and its reconstruction. In Vaclav Klika (Ed.), Theoretical Biomechanics (1 ed., pp. 361-384). Croatia: InTech.
DOI
1995 Myles, G. D. (1995). Equilibrium. In A. S. Johnson (Ed.), The Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences (pp. 23-30).

Year Citation
2023 Loud, D., Grimshaw, P., Kelso, R., & Robertson, W. (2023). “TEARING UP THE TURF”: HOW NATURAL GRASS RESPONDS TO REPEATED TRACTIONAL TRIALS FOR SOCCER BOOT ANALYSIS. In 41 st Conference of the International Society of Biomechanics in Sports Vol. 41. oNLINE: NMU Commons.
2019 BASES Conference 2019 – Programme and Abstracts (2019). In Journal of Sports Sciences Vol. 37 (pp. 1-93). Informa UK Limited.
DOI
2018 Lewis, A., Phillips, E., Robertson, W., Grimshaw, P., & Portus, M. (2018). Injury prevention of elite wheelchair racing athletes using simulation approaches. In Proceedings (pp. 255). online: MDPI.
DOI
2018 Lewis, A., Phillips, E., Robertson, W., Grimshaw, P., & Portus, M. (2018). Intra-stroke profiling of wheelchair propulsion using inertial measurement units. In Proceedings (pp. 1-6). online: MDPI.
2017 Grimshaw, P. N. (2017). EFFECT OF SEATING CUSHIONS ON PRESSURE DISTRIBUTION IN WHEELCHAIR RACING. In International Society of Biomechanics in Sports Vol. Archive 35 (pp. 219). Cologne Germany.
2017 Grimshaw, P. N. (2017). THE OPTIMIZATION OF TRUNK POSITION FOR THE 2016 RIO PARALYPMIC WHEELCHAIR RACING FINALS. In ISBS Proceedings Archive 35 (1), 248 Vol. 35 (pp. 248). Cologne Germany.
2017 Nguyen, V., Lu, T. -F., & Grimshaw, P. (2017). Human Intention Recognition Based on Contact-less Sensors to Control an Elbow and Forearm Assistive Exoskeleton. In The 7th International Conference of Asian Society for Precision Engineering and Nanotechnology Vol. ARM-P-06 (pp. 1-4). Seoul, South Korea.
2016 Sobey, S. A., Grimshaw, P. N., Grainger, S., Robertson, W. S., Taylor, I., & Weston, M. (2016). A Low Cost, Wireless Spinal Motion Measurement Device. In P. Novais, & S. Konomi (Eds.), INTELLIGENT ENVIRONMENTS 2016 Vol. 21 (pp. 570-576). London, ENGLAND: IOS PRESS.
DOI
2013 Parrington, L., Grimshaw, P., & Buttfield, A. (2013). It's about how well you use it: Skating stride in novice, intermediate and advanced inline skaters. In Proceedings of International Conference on Biomechanics in Sports 2013 (pp. 1-5). online: ISBS.
2012 Tsiros, M., Coates, A., Howe, P., Grimshaw, P., Walkley, J., Shield, A., . . . Buckley, J. (2012). Differences in knee extensor strength in healthy-weight and obese children. In Proceedings of the 2012 Australia New Zealand Obesity Society Conference, ANZOS 2012 Vol. 6 (pp. 37). Australia: ANZOS.
DOI
2012 Medwell, P., Grimshaw, P., Robertson, W., & Kelso, R. (2012). Developing sports engineering education in Australia. In Proceedings of the 9th Conference of the International Sports Engineering Association (ISEA) Vol. 34 (pp. 260-265). Netherlands: Elsevier BV.
DOI Scopus4 WoS8
2011 Marques-Bruna, P., & Grimshaw, P. (2011). Formula 1 aerodynamics: Versatility of the NLF(1)-0414F airfoil at low Reynolds numbers. In AIAC14 Fourteenth Australian International Aerospace Congress (pp. 1-10). Melbourne, Australia: Australian International Aerospace Congress.
2010 MacKenzie, J., Grimshaw, P., Jones, C., Thoirs, K., Mackintosh, S., & Petkov, J. (2010). Does a conditioning program for multifidus and transversus abdominus alter paraspinal and abdominal electromyographic activity during an everyday lifting task in healthy subjects?. In Proceedings of ESB 2010 (pp. 1). Scotland.
2010 MacKenzie, J., Grimshaw, P., Jones, C., Thoirs, K., & Petkov, J. (2010). Muscle activity during lifting: effect of core conditioning on the external oblique abdominal. In Proceedings of 6th Australasian Congress on Applied Mechanics (ACAM 6) (pp. 1-10). www: Engineers Australia.
2009 Cole, M., & Grimshaw, P. (2009). Trunk kinematics during the tee-shot of male and female golfers. In Proceedings of the 27th International Conference ofn Biomechanics in Sports (pp. 750-751). Ireland: International Society of Biomechanics in Sports.
2009 Cole, M., & Grimshaw, P. (2009). Low back pain in golf: Does the crunch factor contribute to low back injuries in golfers. In Proceedings of the 2009 27th International Conference of Biomechanics in Sport (pp. 442-443). Ireland: International Society of Biomechanics in Sports.
2009 Marques-Bruna, P., & Grimshaw, P. (2009). The use of computer-aided-design (CAD) for the construction of an inertia rigid model of the ski jumper. In European College of Sport Science (pp. 1). Norway: ECSS.
2009 Marques-Bruna, P., & Grimshaw, P. (2009). Optimization of aerodynamic stability in ski jumping: the tug-of-war between safety and performance. In European College of Sport Science (pp. 1). Norway: ECSS.
2009 Arjomandi, M., Kestell, C., & Grimshaw, P. (2009). An EFQM excellence model for higher education quality assessment. In Proceedings of the 20th AAEE Conference (pp. 1-7). Australia: AAEE.
2009 Grimshaw, P., Kestell, C., Arjomandi, M., Marques-Bruna, P., Mackintosh, S., & de Jonge, M. (2009). The anatomy of engineering education: parallels in teaching the practical aspects of Anatomy and Engineering. In Proceedings of the 20th AAEE Conference (pp. 1-11). Australia: AAEE.
2007 Grimshaw, P., Pascual, M., Lees, A., & Scott, M. (2007). What type of rating scale is more accurate for visually estimating relevant biomechanical variables of the soccer kick?. In Book of Abstracts of the 12th Annual Congress of the European College of Sport Science. Finland.
2007 Pedler, A., Grimshaw, P., & McEvoy, M. P. (2007). The biomechanics of the drop punt. In Proceedings of the 6th Biennial Australian and New Zealand Society of Biomechanics Australasian Biomechanics Conference – ABC6. New Zealand.
2007 Grimshaw, P., Grigg, N. L., & Smeathers, J. (2007). Unanticipated cutting in female netball players: valgus knee angle and the potential for non-contact ligament injury. In Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport Vol. 10 (pp. 46). Mitchell, ACT: Sports Medicine Australia.
DOI
2007 Cole, M. H., & Grimshaw, P. (2007). Myoelectric activity of the trunk muscles of skilled and amateur golfers. In Proceedings of the 6th Biennial Australian and New Zealand Society of Biomechanics Australasian Biomechanics Conference - ABC6. Auckland, New Zealand.
2005 Cole, M., & Grimshaw, P. (2005). Three-dimensional hip and shoulder rotations of golfers with and without low back pain. In Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport Vol. 8 (pp. 54). Australia: Elsevier Australia.
DOI
2003 Cole, M., & Grimshaw, P. (2003). Loads on the lumbar spine during lifting: 4D WATBAK vs inverse dynamics calculations. In The Human Body in Motion. New Zealand: International Society of Biomechanics.
2001 Marques Bruna, P., & Grimshaw, P. (2001). Is kinematic variability a normal component of early gait development?. In S. Rithalia (Ed.), Biomechanics of the lower limb in health disease and rehabilitation. UK: University of Salford.
1999 Grimshaw, P., Salo, A., & Viitasalo, J. (1999). The Use of Motion Analysis as a Coaching Aid to improve the individual technique in sprint hurdles. In R. Saunders, & A. Gibson (Eds.), Scientific proceedings of the XVII 1999 ISBS SYMPOSIUM 1999. Hamilton Hill, WA: PK Print.
1999 Grimshaw, P., Salo, A., & Viitasalo, J. (1999). Effect of camera location on variables of 3d motion analysis. In W. Jinha (Ed.), International society of Biomechanics (ISB) XVII Congress. Canada: University of Calgary Press.
1997 Diss, C., & Grimshaw, P. (1997). Kinematic and kinetic intra and inter subject variability during gait. In Gait and Posture Vol. 6 (pp. 269-270). Elsevier BV.
DOI
1996 Salo, A., Grimshaw, P. N., & Viitasalo, J. T. (1996). Repeatability of motion analysis and reproducibility of athletes in sprint hurdles. In T. Bauer (Ed.), I S B S 1995 PROCEEDINGS - XIII INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM FOR BIOMECHANICS IN SPORT (pp. 380-383). THUNDER BAY, CANADA: LAKEHEAD UNIV BOOKSTORE.
1994 WALLACE, E. S., GRIMSHAW, P. N., & ASHFORD, R. L. (1994). DISCRETE PRESSURE PROFILES OF THE FEET AND WEIGHT TRANSFER PATTERNS DURING THE GOLF SWING. In A. J. Cochran, & M. R. Farrally (Eds.), SCIENCE AND GOLF II (pp. 26-32). UNIV ST ANDREWS, ST ANDREWS, SCOTLAND: ROUTLEDGE & KEGAN PAUL INC.
WoS5
1991 Marar, L., & Grimshaw, P. (1991). Two-dimensional analysis of elite discus throwers. In Journal of Sports Sciences Vol. 9 (pp. 402-403).
1991 Grimshaw, P., & Sinclair, M. (1991). Biomechanical assessment of running gait and running-induced injuries. In Journal of Sports Sciences Vol. 9 (pp. 397-398).
Scopus1
1987 TURNER, P. G., & GRIMSHAW, P. N. (1987). MEASURING THE INSTABILITY OF UNSTABLE KNEES. In JOURNAL OF BONE AND JOINT SURGERY-BRITISH VOLUME Vol. 69 (pp. 160). BRITISH EDITORIAL SOC BONE JOINT SURGERY.

Year Citation
2017 Haydon, D. S., Pinder, R. A., Grimshaw, P., & Robertson, W. S. P. (2017). Intra-Stroke Acceleration Profile Of An Elite Mid-Point Wheelchair Rugby Player. Poster session presented at the meeting of XXVI Congress of the International Society of Biomechanics. Brisbane, Australia.
2017 Haydon, D. S., Pinder, R. A., Grimshaw, P., & Robertson, W. S. P. (2017). Alterations In Pressure Distribution During Agility Activities In Wheelchair Rugby. Poster session presented at the meeting of XXVI Congress of the International Society of Biomechanics. Brisbane, Australia.
2017 Sobey, S. A., Grimshaw, P. N., Grainger, S., & Robertson, W. S. P. (2017). Design of a New Smart Inertial Based Spinal Motion Measurement Device. Poster session presented at the meeting of XXVI Congress of the International Society of Biomechanics. Brisbane, Australia.
2017 Lewis, A. R., Phillips, E. J., Portus, M., Grimshaw, P., & Robertson, W. (2017). Changes in leg pressure during modes of wheelchair propulsion. Poster session presented at the meeting of XXVI Congress of the International Society of Biomechanics.
2017 Lewis, A., Phillips, E. J., Periac, F., Portus, M., Grimshaw, P., & Robertson, W. (2017). Does glove type influence wheelchair propulsion symmetry in junior athletes?. Poster session presented at the meeting of XXVI Congress of the International Society of Biomechanics.
2017 Lewis, A., Robertson, W., Grimshaw, P., Phillips, E., & Portus, M. (2017). The effect of altering intensity thresholds in dual energy x-ray absorptiometry scans on the calculations of body segment masses. Poster session presented at the meeting of XVI International Symposium on Computer Simulation in Biomechanics. Gold Coast, Australia.
2017 Lewis, A. R., Phillips, E. J., Moore, V., Bartram, J., Grimshaw, P., Portus, M., & Robertson, W. S. P. (2017). The optimisation of trunk position for the 2016 Rio Paralympic wheelchair racing finals. Poster session presented at the meeting of 35th International Conference on Biomechanics in Sports. Cologne, Germany.
2016 Haydon, D. S., Pinder, R. A., Grimshaw, P., & Robertson, W. (2016). Propulsion in Elite Low-point Classification Rugby Wheelchair Athletes. Poster session presented at the meeting of International Society of Biomechanics in Sport. Tsukuba, Japan.

The following lists the funding opportunities I have had since 1990 both from the UK and Australia. Please note I have also listed unsuccessful category 1 and category 2 funding applications to show that it is difficult to get such funding in Australia in the Biomechanics/Sports Engineering and Technology area.

  • 1990 - 1995  Successful in acquiring a number of capital bids for the area of Biomechanics within West London Institute/Brunel University College, UK to purchase: Kistler Force plate systems, 3-Dimensional Video systems, Isokinetic Dynamometer and EMG Telemetry systems.  Approx (£150,000)
  • 1992 - 1998  UK, Sports Council Funding: £14,938 per annum. SSSP project involving British Athletics Federation: Biomechanical Analysis of Sprint Hurdles.
  • 1993 - 1995  UK, HEFCE grant awarded for the appointment of a Research Fellow to the Hurdles Biomechanics project. £16,835 per annum.
  • 1995 - 1996  Post-Graduate studentship from Brunel University College, UK for a Research Assistant to work on Children’s Gait project. £6220 per annum.
  • 1996  University of Exeter, UK. Small Research Fund Application for a Research Assistant for 2 months for 3-Dimensional Kinematics work on Children’s Gait. £1500.
  • 1996  Laboratory development grant. University of Exeter, UK. £50,000.
  • 1997  Small research grant from University of Exeter to conduct research into low back pain in professional golfers. £1500.
  • 1999  Laboratory development. University of South Australia. $150,000.
  • 2002/2003  Research grant, Workplace services (SA Government) $4000.
  • 2002  Small research grant, Repatriation General Hospital, Adelaide $2000.
  • 2006  Channel 7 children’s foundation (with Novitatech) $25,000.
  • 2006  University of South Australia, NHMRC project development grant $10,000.
  • 2007  University of South Australia, Teaching and Learning grant $10,000. Development of an anatomy teaching and learning space business plan.
  • 2010  University of Adelaide, Laboratory Development Funding $200,000
  • 2012  University of Adelaide, ECMS Teaching and Learning award $1000
  • 2012  University of Adelaide, capital equipment funding – 2 x high speed cameras $60,000
  • 2010-2014  Several applications for ARC Discovery Grant and NHMRC research funding (low back pain research) – approx. $240,000 – the area was ruled ineligible for ARC funding in 2013 due to it being medical research ((unsuccessful to date)
  • 2014-2016  Several applications to Defence Science and Technology Network on human performance factors looking at Wireless Body Area Networks (unsuccessful to date)
  • 2015  University of Adelaide, capital equipment funding $50,000
  • 2016  University of Adelaide, capital equipment funding $150,000
  • 1999-2017  Several successful consultancy projects (mainly expert witness reports) $300,000 (approx. $20,000 per year)

Approximate career total (AUS $): 1.6M

In my teaching responsibilities at the University of Adelaide I teach on the Bachelor of Engineering (Mechanical and Sports) honours degree (the BE (Hons) Mech. and Sports degree was established in 2008), which is part of the 4-year professional Mechanical Engineering degree program accredited by Engineers Australia. In this context I teach and have taught on several courses for example: Sports Engineering I and Sports Engineering II, which are concerned with Instrumenting the athlete and equipment and Biomechanical Engineering (muscle and joint loads, artificial joints). In addition, I also supervise a number of final 4th year Engineering honours projects in the areas of Sports Engineering, Sports Technology and Biomechanics for example: the Australian Rules Football Kicking Machine; Table Tennis Playing Robot utilising 3D visual tracking; Diabetes Mellitus – Gait Analysis; Tennis Racket Assessment Device and Tennis Ball Delivery System (several of which have won Engineering, Computer and Mathematical Sciences (ECMS) faculty innovation awards). Finally, at the University of Adelaide I also teach in the School of Medical Sciences on the course Fundamentals of Biomechanics and Human Movement. 

Courses Taught (from 2009 - to date)

Introduction to Sports Engineering – MECH ENG 1104 (year 1)

Sports Engineering I – MECH ENG 2102 (year 2)

Sports Engineering II – MECH ENG 3107 (year 3)

Sports Materials – MECH ENG 3108 (year 3)

Biomechanical Engineering – MECH ENG 4104/7044  (year 4 and Master)

Fundamentals of Biomechanics and Human Movement – HLTH SC 2101 (year 2, School of Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide)

In 2007, along with three colleagues from the UK, I published an undergraduate textbook for sport and exercise biomechanics. The book entitled: Instant Notes for Sport and Exercise Biomechanics (ISBN 185996284X, 392 pages), was published by Taylor & Francis and is designed as a series of Instant Notes, which are considered as expansions of the lecture notes from 1st and 2nd year core undergraduate teaching. This series entitled: Instant Notes has already proven to be particularly successful in areas such as molecular biology, psychology, and chemistry for biologists. These innovative books provide a structured approach to learning by covering all the important topics in a uniform, systematic format. The text book Instant Notes for Sport and Exercise Biomechanics has already sold over 7500 copies, been reprinted in 2008, translated into two languages in 2010 (French and Polish) and is proving a very useful and popular textbook both across Australia, USA and the United Kingdom.

Between 2011 and 2016, I have had the opportunity to teach biomechanics and ergonomics to engineering students at the University of Halmstad in Sweden (through both physically being in Sweden and through the Adobe Connect system while I am in Australia). This produced a new learning experience for both me as a lecturer, and the Swedish students as undergraduates. For them, they had a native English speaking teacher who could relate complicated concepts in a way used commonly by the majority of the western world and for me, although the students could speak almost perfect English, it was clear that they needed much more time in lectures to respond to my questions, prompting and directions. Once I had realised that the students needed the time to translate my questions into Swedish and then re-translate their answers back into English (and it was a Swedish female engineering student who told me this) I knew that the passion I have for teaching could now effectively transpire across non-native English speaking countries.

Date Role Research Topic Program Degree Type Student Load Student Name
2021 - 2025 Principal Supervisor Instrumentation and Biomechanical Modelling for the Optimisation of Equipment in Seated Shot Put Doctor of Philosophy Doctorate Full Time Mr Connor John Holdback
2020 - 2024 Principal Supervisor Translational Traction Properties of Soccer Boots Under Various Loading Conditions Doctor of Philosophy Doctorate Full Time Mr Danyon Loud
2017 - 2019 Co-Supervisor Modelling of Magnetic Fields of Permanent Magnets with Diametrical Magnetization Master of Philosophy Master Full Time Mr Van Tai Nguyen
2017 - 2022 Co-Supervisor Understanding the Aerodynamic Environment in Track Cycling Doctor of Philosophy Doctorate Full Time Mr Shaun Fitzgerald
2015 - 2019 Principal Supervisor Three-Dimensional Measurement of Spinal Kinematics and Whole-Body Activity Recognition Doctor of Philosophy Doctorate Full Time Mr Sammuel Aleck Sobey
2015 - 2018 Principal Supervisor Optimisation of the Rugby Wheelchair for Performance Doctor of Philosophy Doctorate Full Time Mr David Scott Haydon
2015 - 2019 Principal Supervisor Performance Benefits of Customised Seating Interfaces for Elite Wheelchair Racing Athletes Doctor of Philosophy Doctorate Full Time Amy Rebecca Lewis

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